SpringAI实现AI应用-使用redis持久化聊天记忆

SpringAI实战链接

1.SpringAl实现AI应用-快速搭建-CSDN博客

2.SpringAI实现AI应用-搭建知识库-CSDN博客

3.SpringAI实现AI应用-内置顾问-CSDN博客

4.SpringAI实现AI应用-使用redis持久化聊天记忆-CSDN博客

5.SpringAI实现AI应用-自定义顾问（Advisor）-CSDN博客

概述

针对SpringAI的内置顾问，上篇帖子已经进行了说明，这里就不再赘述，之前使用SpringAI的内置的聊天记忆顾问时，都是使用内存的方式进行存储，当项目重启的时候，聊天记录就没有了。此篇就使用redis将聊天记录进行持久化

项目修改

通过前面几篇帖子，已经有了一个项目框架，这里不再说项目搭建所需的环境，只在原来的项目上进行修改

安装并启动redis

redis的安装，网上有很多方法，在此不再说明，安装完成之后，启动redis就可以了

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringAI_Demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <spring-ai.version>1.0.0-M6</spring-ai.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-ai-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-ai.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <!--    常规jar-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--    springAI-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-openai-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--    向量存储引擎-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-pgvector-store-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-transformers-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--   向量库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--    文档解析器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-tika-document-reader</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--    lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--    redis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <!--所在的目录-->
                <includes>
                    <!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会被扫描到-->
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.*</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.5</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
</project>

与前文相比，只添加一个redis的依赖，别的都没动

Application.yml

server:
  port: 3210

spring:
  #redis
  data:
    redis:
      host: 127.0.0.1
      port: 6379
      datebase: 0
  #向量库
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres
    username: postgres
    password: pgsql
    driver-class-name: org.postgresql.Driver
  ai:
    #调用ai大模型（可使用本地化部署模型，也可以使用线上的）
    openai:
      base-url: https://api.siliconflow.cn
      api-key: #你自己申请的key
      chat:
        options:
          model: deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B
    #调用矢量化模型
    embedding:
      transformer:
        onnx:
          modelUri: classpath:/text2vec-base-chinese/onnx/model.onnx
        tokenizer:
          uri: classpath:/text2vec-base-chinese/onnx/tokenizer.json
    #矢量化配置
    vectorstore:
      pgvector:
        index-type: HNSW
        distance-type: COSINE_DISTANCE
        dimensions: 768

与之前代码相比，多配置了redis的相关东西

RedisConfig（redis配置文件）

添加redis依赖之后，首先对redis进行配置

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;

/**
 * @Author majinzhong
 * @Date 2025/5/7 14:49
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> messageRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory, Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(factory);

        // 使用String序列化器作为key的序列化方式
        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        // 对value进行序列化
        template.setValueSerializer(new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class));

        // 设置hash类型的key和value序列化方式
        template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        template.setHashValueSerializer(new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class));

        template.afterPropertiesSet();
        return template;
    }
}

ChatRedisMemory（重写ChatMemory）

通过前文可知，聊天记忆的内置顾问都有ChatMemory，想要将聊天记录持久化就需要将ChatMemory内的方法按照redis存储的方式进行重写

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.example.entity.ChatEntity;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.ChatMemory;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.*;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @Author majinzhong
 * @Date 2025/5/7 14:51
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class ChatRedisMemory implements ChatMemory {

    private static final String KEY_PREFIX = "chat:history:";
    private final RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

    public ChatRedisMemory(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
    }

    @Override
    public void add(String conversationId, List<Message> messages) {
        String key = KEY_PREFIX + conversationId;
        List<ChatEntity> listIn = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Message msg : messages) {
            String[] strs = msg.getText().split("</think>");
            String text = strs.length == 2 ? strs[1] : strs[0];

            ChatEntity ent = new ChatEntity();
            ent.setChatId(conversationId);
            ent.setType(msg.getMessageType().getValue());
            ent.setText(text);
            listIn.add(ent);
        }
        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, listIn.toArray());
        redisTemplate.expire(key, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Message> get(String conversationId, int lastN) {
        String key = KEY_PREFIX + conversationId;
        Long size = redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
        if (size == null || size == 0) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }

        int start = Math.max(0, (int) (size - lastN));
        List<Object> listTmp = redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, start, -1);
        List<Message> listOut = new ArrayList<>();
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        for (Object obj : listTmp) {
            ChatEntity chat = objectMapper.convertValue(obj, ChatEntity.class);
            if (MessageType.USER.getValue().equals(chat.getType())) {
                listOut.add(new UserMessage(chat.getText()));
            } else if (MessageType.ASSISTANT.getValue().equals(chat.getType())) {
                listOut.add(new AssistantMessage(chat.getText()));
            } else if (MessageType.SYSTEM.getValue().equals(chat.getType())) {
                listOut.add(new SystemMessage(chat.getText()));
            }
        }
        return listOut;
    }

    @Override
    public void clear(String conversationId) {
        redisTemplate.delete(KEY_PREFIX + conversationId);
    }
}

AiConfig

因为重写了ChatMemory，所以需要重新对内置顾问进行重新配置

import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.advisor.*;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.ChatMemory;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.memory.InMemoryChatMemory;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.prompt.ChatOptions;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.VectorStore;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author majinzhong
 * @Date 2025/4/28 10:34
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Configuration
public class AiConfig {

    @Bean
    ChatClient chatClient(ChatClient.Builder builder,VectorStore vectorStore) {
        return builder
                // 它定义了聊天机器人在回答问题时应当遵循的风格和角色定位。
                .defaultSystem("你是一个智能机器人,你的名字叫 Spring AI智能机器人")
                //这里可以添加多个顾问 order(优先级)越小，越先执行
                // 注意：顾问添加到链中的顺序至关重要，因为它决定了其执行的顺序。每个顾问都会以某种方式修改提示或上下文，一个顾问所做的更改会传递给链中的下一个顾问。
                // 在此配置中，将首先执行MessageChatMemoryAdvisor，将对话历史记录添加到提示中。然后，问答顾问将根据用户的问题和添加的对话历史进行搜索，从而可能提供更相关的结果。
                .defaultAdvisors(
                        //内存存储对话记忆
                        new MessageChatMemoryAdvisor(inMemoryChatMemory()),
//                        new PromptChatMemoryAdvisor(inMemoryChatMemory()),
                        // QuestionAnswerAdvisor 此顾问使用矢量存储提供问答功能，实现RAG（检索增强生成）模式
//                        QuestionAnswerAdvisor.builder(vectorStore).order(1).build(),
                        // SafeGuardAdvisor是一个安全防护顾问，它确保生成的内容符合道德和法律标准。
                        SafeGuardAdvisor.builder().sensitiveWords(List.of("色情", "暴力")) // 敏感词列表
                                .order(2) // 设置优先级
                                .failureResponse("抱歉，我无法回答这个问题。").build(), // 敏感词过滤失败时的响应
                        // SimpleLoggerAdvisor是一个记录ChatClient的请求和响应数据的顾问。这对于调试和监控您的AI交互非常有用，建议将其添加到链的末尾。
                        new SimpleLoggerAdvisor()
                )
                .defaultOptions(ChatOptions.builder()
                        .topP(0.7) // 取值越大，生成的随机性越高；取值越低，生成的随机性越低。默认值为0.8
                        .build())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    ChatMemory inMemoryChatMemory() {
        return new InMemoryChatMemory();
    }

    @Bean
    public ChatMemory chatMemory(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        return new ChatRedisMemory(redisTemplate);
    }
}

与前文相比，多配置了ChatRedisMemory

注意：为了测试要将问答顾问注释掉

RedisAiController（新建测试接口类）

import org.example.config.ChatRedisMemory;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.advisor.MessageChatMemoryAdvisor;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.advisor.VectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.VectorStore;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Author majinzhong
 * @Date 2025/5/7 15:03
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@CrossOrigin
@RestController
public class RedisAiController {

    @Autowired
    ChatClient chatClient;

    @Autowired
    ChatRedisMemory chatRedisMemory;


    /**
     * 持久化聊天记录
     * @param message
     * @param sessionId
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/ai/redisCall")
    public String redisCall(@RequestParam(value = "message", defaultValue = "讲个笑话") String message, @RequestParam String sessionId) {
        return chatClient.prompt().user(message)
                .advisors(new MessageChatMemoryAdvisor(chatRedisMemory, sessionId, 10))
                .call().content().trim();
    }
}

代码中注入了重写的ChatMemory（ChatRedisMemory）

也在方法中重新配置了聊天记忆的内置顾问

测试

还是使用postman进行测试

查看redis储存结果

经过测试，聊天记录已经存到redis，重启项目之后，再测试

补充

VectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor

上篇中没有对VectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor进行测试，现在想对它进行测试时，才发现它已经被弃用了

也来简单测试一下吧，使用之前搭建知识库时创建的向量库

    @Autowired
    VectorStore vectorStore;

    /**
     * 检索聊天记录向量数据库
     * @param message
     * @param sessionId
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/ai/vectorCall")
    public String vectorCall(@RequestParam(value = "message", defaultValue = "讲个笑话") String message, @RequestParam String sessionId) {
        VectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor vectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor = new VectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor(vectorStore);
        return chatClient.prompt().user(message)
                .advisors(vectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor)
                .call().content().trim();
    }

经过测试可以看出VectorStoreChatMemoryAdvisor先检索之前的对话记录，然后再生成回答

问题

调用接口时，控制台报了503，（System is too busy now.  Please try again later.）这是因为AI大模型被使用的人太多了，所以才出现的错误（毕竟使用的是免费的，本地部署的AI大模型不会出现这种问题）

解决方法：换一个模型就行了，直接再配置文件里修改