React的路由的原理是什么？写出其核心代码！

import React from 'react';
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route, Switch, Link } from 'react-router-dom';

// 定义路由对应的组件
const Home = () => <h1>Home</h1>;
const About = () => <h1>About</h1>;
const Contact = () => <h1>Contact</h1>;

// 使用Router组件包裹根组件
const App = () => (
  <Router>
    <nav>
      <ul>
        {/* 添加导航链接 */}
        <li>
          <Link to="/">Home</Link>
        </li>
        <li>
          <Link to="/about">About</Link>
        </li>
        <li>
          <Link to="/contact">Contact</Link>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </nav>

    {/* 使用Switch组件确保只匹配一个路由 */}
    <Switch>
      {/* 定义路由规则 */}
      <Route exact path="/" component={Home} />
      <Route path="/about" component={About} />
      <Route path="/contact" component={Contact} />
    </Switch>
  </Router>
);
export default App;