VLAN的两个综合实验（综合）

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已于 2023-08-21 10:51:52 修改

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于 2023-08-17 21:58:14 首次发布

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说明：

由于技术的进步，从一开始的VLAN应用到多个路由器设备的组网，到使用一个路由器实现子接口的设备，最后到下述使用二三层交换机完成一个园区的通信。

一、运用多个路由器之实现组网完成通信

实验拓扑：

使用路由器组网而练成的企业网，使用物理接口进行VLAN的管理，十分的消耗成本。

二、使用路由器的子接口完成园区的通信

实验拓扑：

使用子接口进行VLAN的划分，可以尽可能的减少成本

实验配置：

AR1：

 sysname r1
#
ip pool a                                        #设置IP地址池
 gateway-list 192.168.1.1 
 network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
#
ip pool b
 gateway-list 192.168.2.1 
 network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 
 dhcp select global
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1
 dot1q termination vid 2                         #进行vlan的选择。
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 
 arp broadcast enable                            #arp功能开启。
 dhcp select global

SW1：

#
sysname sw1
#
vlan batch 2 to 6                            #创建vlan
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
 port hybrid tagged vlan 2                   #只标记vlan2，让vlan2的流量走子接口          
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 6            #其余的vlan同vlan1走物理接口，实现vlan2和其他                    
                                             vlan生成两个不同的网段
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 2
#
interface Ethernet0/0/4
 port hybrid pvid vlan 3                     #PVID设置为3，到达路由器时会被打上vlan3的标签。
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 6

SW2:

#
sysname sw2
#
vlan batch 2 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 2
#
interface Ethernet0/0/4
 port hybrid pvid vlan 4
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 6

SW4:

#
sysname sw3
#
vlan batch 2 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2
 port hybrid pvid vlan 5
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/3
 port hybrid pvid vlan 6
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 4 6

ping通测试：

PC1 ping PC2（不同网段）：

PC1 ping PC3（同一网段）：

二、使用SVI技术的VLAN综合实验

实验拓扑：

实验原理：由于要实现园区之间的互相通信，三层架构可以分为核心层，汇聚层，接入层。

自我理解：

核心层：实现不同园区之间的通信。
汇聚层：将接入层设备汇聚到一起。（楼层之间跑通不同设备，第一层设备和第二层设备需要汇聚到汇聚层中）
接入层：将多台设备接入。

实验配置：

AR1:

[r1]
#
 sysname r1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.252 
 ospf network-type p2p                        #ospf使用p2p类型，加快收敛
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0                     #宣告

SW1：

<sw1>
#
sysname sw1                                
#
vlan batch 10 20 30                            #创建VLAN
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.252        #使用SVI技术，给所属的vlan进行地址划分
 ospf network-type p2p                         #加快收敛
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 192.168.0.6 255.255.255.252
 ospf network-type p2p
#
interface Vlanif30
 ip address 192.168.0.9 255.255.255.252
 ospf network-type p2p
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1                 
 port link-type access                         #由于该地址是连接路由器，是要进行园区外的通信              
                                                故使用access接口即可到达要求port default port default vlan 30                         
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk                          #使用trunk可以有效的实现后续新增实验要求。
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1             #不进行该操作，可能会导致VLAN1通信成环路。
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1                        #进行OSPF的配置
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 192.168.0.8 0.0.0.3
 area 0.0.0.1
  network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.3
  stub no-summary                                #将区域设置为末梢区域和完全末梢区域，减少拓                    
                                                   扑更新量。
 area 0.0.0.2
  network 192.168.0.4 0.0.0.3
  stub no-summary

SW2：

<sw2>
#
sysname sw2
#
vlan batch 10 200 300 400                                
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.252
 ospf network-type p2p                              #使用DHCP的接口模式进行dhcp分配地址                 
#
interface Vlanif200
 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
#
interface Vlanif300
 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
#
interface Vlanif400
 ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 200
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 300 400
#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
 area 0.0.0.1
  network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.3
  stub

SW3：

SW3：
#
sysname sw3
#
vlan batch 20 500 600 700
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 192.168.0.5 255.255.255.252
 ospf network-type p2p
#
interface Vlanif500
 ip address 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
#
interface Vlanif600
 ip address 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
#
interface Vlanif700
 ip address 192.168.70.1 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 500 600
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 700
#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
 area 0.0.0.2
  network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.70.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.0.4 0.0.0.3
  stub

SW4：

sysname sw4
#
vlan batch 200
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 200
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 200
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 200

SW5:

#
sysname sw5
#
vlan batch 300 400
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 300 400
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 300
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 400

SW6:

#
sysname sw6
#
vlan batch 500 600
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 500 600
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 500
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 600

SW7:

#
sysname sw7
#
vlan batch 700
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 700
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 700
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 700