windows C++-通过 C++/WinRT 创作 COM 组件(三)

添加帮助程序类型和函数

在此步骤中，我们会添加一些帮助程序类型和函数，代码的其余部分会使用它们。 就在 main 之前添加以下内容。

struct prop_variant : PROPVARIANT
{
    prop_variant() noexcept : PROPVARIANT{}
    {
    }

    ~prop_variant() noexcept
    {
        clear();
    }

    void clear() noexcept
    {
        WINRT_VERIFY_(S_OK, ::PropVariantClear(this));
    }
};

struct registry_traits
{
    using type = HKEY;

    static void close(type value) noexcept
    {
        WINRT_VERIFY_(ERROR_SUCCESS, ::RegCloseKey(value));
    }

    static constexpr type invalid() noexcept
    {
        return nullptr;
    }
};

using registry_key = winrt::handle_type<registry_traits>;

std::wstring get_module_path()
{
    std::wstring path(100, L'?');
    uint32_t path_size{};
    DWORD actual_size{};

    do
    {
        path_size = static_cast<uint32_t>(path.size());
        actual_size = ::GetModuleFileName(nullptr, path.data(), path_size);

        if (actual_size + 1 > path_size)
        {
            path.resize(path_size * 2, L'?');
        }
    } while (actual_size + 1 > path_size);

    path.resize(actual_size);
    return path;
}

std::wstring get_shortcut_path()
{
    std::wstring format{ LR"(%ProgramData%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\)" };
    format += (this_app_name + L".lnk");

    auto required{ ::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(format.c_str(), nullptr, 0) };
    std::wstring path(required - 1, L'?');
    ::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(format.c_str(), path.data(), required);
    return path;
}

实现其余函数和 wmain 入口点函数

删除 main 函数，在其原位置粘贴此代码清单，其中包括用于注册组件类，然后提供能够回调应用程序的 toast 的代码。 

void register_callback()
{
    DWORD registration{};

    winrt::check_hresult(::CoRegisterClassObject(
        callback_guid,
        make<callback_factory>().get(),
        CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER,
        REGCLS_SINGLEUSE,
        &registration));
}

void create_shortcut()
{
    auto link{ winrt::create_instance<IShellLink>(CLSID_ShellLink) };
    std::wstring module_path{ get_module_path() };
    winrt::check_hresult(link->SetPath(module_path.c_str()));

    auto store = link.as<IPropertyStore>();
    prop_variant value;
    winrt::check_hresult(::InitPropVariantFromString(this_app_name.c_str(), &value));
    winrt::check_hresult(store->SetValue(PKEY_AppUserModel_ID, value));
    value.clear();
    winrt::check_hresult(::InitPropVariantFromCLSID(callback_guid, &value));
    winrt::check_hresult(store->SetValue(PKEY_AppUserModel_ToastActivatorCLSID, value));

    auto file{ store.as<IPersistFile>() };
    std::wstring shortcut_path{ get_shortcut_path() };
    winrt::check_hresult(file->Save(shortcut_path.c_str(), TRUE));

    std::wcout << L"In " << shortcut_path << L", created a shortcut to " << module_path << std::endl;
}

void update_registry()
{
    std::wstring key_path{ LR"(SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{????????-????-????-????-????????????})" };
    ::StringFromGUID2(callback_guid, key_path.data() + 23, 39);
    key_path += LR"(\LocalServer32)";
    registry_key key;

    winrt::check_win32(::RegCreateKeyEx(
        HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
        key_path.c_str(),
        0,
        nullptr,
        0,
        KEY_WRITE,
        nullptr,
        key.put(),
        nullptr));
    ::RegDeleteValue(key.get(), nullptr);

    std::wstring path{ get_module_path() };

    winrt::check_win32(::RegSetValueEx(
        key.get(),
        nullptr,
        0,
        REG_SZ,
        reinterpret_cast<BYTE const*>(path.c_str()),
        static_cast<uint32_t>((path.size() + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t))));

    std::wcout << L"In " << key_path << L", registered local server at " << path << std::endl;
}

void create_toast()
{
    XmlDocument xml;

    std::wstring toastPayload
    {
        LR"(
<toast>
  <visual>
    <binding template='ToastGeneric'>
      <text>)"
    };
    toastPayload += this_app_name;
    toastPayload += LR"(
      </text>
    </binding>
  </visual>
  <actions>
    <action content='Call back )";
    toastPayload += this_app_name;
    toastPayload += LR"(
' arguments='the_args' activationKind='Foreground' />
  </actions>
</toast>)";
    xml.LoadXml(toastPayload);

    ToastNotification toast{ xml };
    ToastNotifier notifier{ ToastNotificationManager::CreateToastNotifier(this_app_name) };
    notifier.Show(toast);
    ::Sleep(50); // Give the callback chance to display.
}

void LaunchedNormally(HANDLE, INPUT_RECORD &, DWORD &);
void LaunchedFromNotification(HANDLE, INPUT_RECORD &, DWORD &);

int wmain(int argc, wchar_t * argv[], wchar_t * /* envp */[])
{
    winrt::init_apartment();

    register_callback();

    HANDLE consoleHandle{ ::GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE) };
    INPUT_RECORD buffer{};
    DWORD events{};
    ::FlushConsoleInputBuffer(consoleHandle);

    if (argc == 1)
    {
        LaunchedNormally(consoleHandle, buffer, events);
    }
    else if (argc == 2 && wcscmp(argv[1], L"-Embedding") == 0)
    {
        LaunchedFromNotification(consoleHandle, buffer, events);
    }
}

void LaunchedNormally(HANDLE consoleHandle, INPUT_RECORD & buffer, DWORD & events)
{
    try
    {
        bool runningAsAdmin{ ::IsUserAnAdmin() == TRUE };
        std::wcout << this_app_name << L" is running" << (runningAsAdmin ? L" (administrator)." : L" (NOT as administrator).") << std::endl;

        if (runningAsAdmin)
        {
            create_shortcut();
            update_registry();
        }

        std::wcout << std::endl << L"Press 'T' to display a toast notification (press any other key to exit)." << std::endl;

        ::ReadConsoleInput(consoleHandle, &buffer, 1, &events);
        if (towupper(buffer.Event.KeyEvent.uChar.UnicodeChar) == L'T')
        {
            create_toast();
        }
    }
    catch (winrt::hresult_error const& e)
    {
        std::wcout << L"Error: " << e.message().c_str() << L" (" << std::hex << std::showbase << std::setw(8) << static_cast<uint32_t>(e.code()) << L")" << std::endl;
    }
}

void LaunchedFromNotification(HANDLE consoleHandle, INPUT_RECORD & buffer, DWORD & events)
{
    ::Sleep(50); // Give the callback chance to display its message.
    std::wcout << std::endl << L"Press any key to exit." << std::endl;
    ::ReadConsoleInput(consoleHandle, &buffer, 1, &events);
}

注意，到这里程序大概完成了，接下来的文章里会使用这个程序做一些测试。