在数组中使用字符串

提示

要将字符串存储到数组中，最常用的方法有两种。

1. 将数组初始化为字符串常量
2. 将键盘或文件输入 读入到数组中。

代码&注释

// strings.cpp -- storing strings in an array
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring> // for the strlen() function
int main() {
    using namespace std;
    const int Size = 15;
    char name1[Size];               // empty arrary
    char name2[Size] = "C++owboy";  // initialized array
    
    cout << "Howdy! I'm "  << name2;
    cout << "! What's your name?\n";
    cin >> name1;
    cout << "Well, " << name1 << ", your name has ";
    cout << strlen(name1) << " letters and is stored\n";
    cout << "in an array of " << sizeof(name1) << " bytes.\n";
    cout << "Your initial is " << name1[0] << ".\n";
    name2[3] = '\0';                // set to null character
    cout << "Here are the first 3 characters of my name: ";
    cout << name2 << endl;
    return 0;
}

小结一下

sizeof 运算符能指出整个数组的长度：15 字节。
strlen() 只计算可见的字符。
这里还用到了 符号常量 const int Size = 15；
存储的字符串的最后一位是不可见的 \0