C语言课程设计题目七：学生成绩管理系统设计

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于 2024-09-28 23:48:01 发布

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题目七：学生成绩管理系统设计
学生成绩信息包括：学期，学号，班别，姓名，四门课程成绩(语文、数学、英语和计算机)等。
主要功能：

能按学期、按班级完成对学生成绩的录入、修改。
能按班级统计学生的成绩，求学生的总分及平均分。
能查询学生成绩，不及格科目及学生名单。
能按班级输出学生的成绩单。

要求： 使用二进制文件方式存储数据，系统以菜单方式工作。

在这里插入图片描述
studentPerformance.h

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 
#pragma warning(disable:6031)
#pragma once

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define STUDENTS_FILE "students.dat"
#define MAX_STUDENTS 100

typedef struct {
    char term[20];      // 学期
    char student_id[20]; // 学号
    char class_name[20]; // 班级
    char name[50];      // 姓名
    int chinese;        // 语文成绩
    int math;           // 数学成绩
    int english;        // 英语成绩
    int computer;       // 计算机成绩
} Student;


// 保存学生信息
void saveStudentsToFile(Student students[], int count);
// 加载学生信息
void loadStudentsFromFile(Student students[], int* count);
// 添加学生信息
void addStudent(Student students[], int* count);
// 修改学生信息
void modifyStudent(Student students[], int count);
// 统计学生成绩
void calculateStatistics(Student students[], int count);
// 查询学生成绩
void searchStudent(Student students[], int count);
// 输出学生成绩单
void printReportCard(Student students[], int count);
// 函数菜单
void mainMenu(Student students[], int* count);

studentPerformance.c

#include"studentPerformance.h"


// 确定Win/Linux操作系统,清屏
void clearScreen() {
#ifdef _WIN32
    system("cls");
#else
    system("clear");
#endif
}
// 保存学生信息
void saveStudentsToFile(Student students[], int count) {
    FILE* file = fopen(STUDENTS_FILE, "wb");
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf("无法打开文件 %s!\n", STUDENTS_FILE);
        return;
    }
    fwrite(students, sizeof(Student), count, file);
    fclose(file);
}

// 加载学生信息
void loadStudentsFromFile(Student students[], int* count) {
    FILE* file = fopen(STUDENTS_FILE, "rb");
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf("无法打开文件 %s!\n", STUDENTS_FILE);
        *count = 0;
        return;
    }
    size_t numRead = fread(students, sizeof(Student), MAX_STUDENTS, file);
    *count = (int)numRead;
    fclose(file);
}

// 添加学生信息
void addStudent(Student students[], int* count) {
    if (*count >= MAX_STUDENTS) {
        printf("学生信息已满，无法继续添加。\n");
        return;
    }
    Student newStudent;
    printf("请输入学期: ");
    scanf("%s", newStudent.term);
    printf("请输入学号: ");
    scanf("%s", newStudent.student_id);
    printf("请输入班级: ");
    scanf("%s", newStudent.class_name);
    printf("请输入姓名: ");
    scanf("%s", newStudent.name);
    printf("请输入语文成绩: ");
    scanf("%d", &newStudent.chinese);
    printf("请输入数学成绩: ");
    scanf("%d", &newStudent.math);
    printf("请输入英语成绩: ");
    scanf("%d", &newStudent.english);
    printf("请输入计算机成绩: ");
    scanf("%d", &newStudent.computer);

    students[*count] = newStudent;
    (*count)++;
    saveStudentsToFile(students, *count);
    printf("学生信息已保存。\n");
}

// 修改学生信息
void modifyStudent(Student students[], int count) {
    char student_id[20];
    printf("请输入要修改的学号: ");
    scanf("%s", student_id);

    int found = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].student_id, student_id) == 0) {
            printf("找到的学生信息:\n");
            printf("学期: %s\n", students[i].term);
            printf("学号: %s\n", students[i].student_id);
            printf("班级: %s\n", students[i].class_name);
            printf("姓名: %s\n", students[i].name);
            printf("语文成绩: %d\n", students[i].chinese);
            printf("数学成绩: %d\n", students[i].math);
            printf("英语成绩: %d\n", students[i].english);
            printf("计算机成绩: %d\n", students[i].computer);

            printf("请输入新的学期: ");
            scanf("%s", students[i].term);
            printf("请输入新的班级: ");
            scanf("%s", students[i].class_name);
            printf("请输入新的姓名: ");
            scanf("%s", students[i].name);
            printf("请输入新的语文成绩: ");
            scanf("%d", &students[i].chinese);
            printf("请输入新的数学成绩: ");
            scanf("%d", &students[i].math);
            printf("请输入新的英语成绩: ");
            scanf("%d", &students[i].english);
            printf("请输入新的计算机成绩: ");
            scanf("%d", &students[i].computer);

            saveStudentsToFile(students, count);
            printf("学生信息已更新。\n");
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        printf("未找到该学号的学生信息。\n");
    }
}

// 统计学生成绩
void calculateStatistics(Student students[], int count) {
    char class_name[20];
    printf("请输入要统计的班级: ");
    scanf("%s", class_name);

    int totalStudents = 0;
    double totalScore = 0;
    double averageScore = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].class_name, class_name) == 0) {
            int total = students[i].chinese + students[i].math + students[i].english + students[i].computer;
            totalScore += total;
            totalStudents++;
        }
    }

    if (totalStudents > 0) {
        averageScore = totalScore / totalStudents;
        printf("班级 %s 的总人数: %d\n", class_name, totalStudents);
        printf("班级 %s 的总分: %.2f\n", class_name, totalScore);
        printf("班级 %s 的平均分: %.2f\n", class_name, averageScore);
    }
    else {
        printf("未找到该班级的学生信息。\n");
    }
}

// 查询学生成绩
void searchStudent(Student students[], int count) {
    char student_id[20];
    printf("请输入要查询的学号: ");
    scanf("%s", student_id);

    int found = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].student_id, student_id) == 0) {
            printf("\n找到的学生信息:\n");
            printf("学期: %s\n", students[i].term);
            printf("学号: %s\n", students[i].student_id);
            printf("班级: %s\n", students[i].class_name);
            printf("姓名: %s\n", students[i].name);
            printf("语文成绩: %d\n", students[i].chinese);
            printf("数学成绩: %d\n", students[i].math);
            printf("英语成绩: %d\n", students[i].english);
            printf("计算机成绩: %d\n", students[i].computer);

            int total = students[i].chinese + students[i].math + students[i].english + students[i].computer;
            printf("总分: %d\n", total);

            printf("不及格科目:\n");
            if (students[i].chinese < 60) printf("语文\n");
            if (students[i].math < 60) printf("数学\n");
            if (students[i].english < 60) printf("英语\n");
            if (students[i].computer < 60) printf("计算机\n");

            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        printf("未找到该学号的学生信息。\n");
    }
}

// 输出学生成绩单
void printReportCard(Student students[], int count) {
    char class_name[20];
    printf("请输入要输出成绩单的班级: ");
    scanf("%s", class_name);

    int found = 0;
    printf("\n+-----------------------------------+\n");
    printf("|         学生成绩单                |\n");
    printf("+-----------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| 学期 | 学号 | 班级 | 姓名 | 语文 | 数学 | 英语 | 计算机 |\n");
    printf("+-----------------------------------+\n");

    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].class_name, class_name) == 0) {
            printf("| %-6s | %-6s | %-6s | %-6s | %-3d | %-3d | %-3d | %-3d |\n",
                students[i].term, students[i].student_id, students[i].class_name,
                students[i].name, students[i].chinese, students[i].math,
                students[i].english, students[i].computer);
            found = 1;
        }
    }

    if (!found) {
        printf("未找到该班级的学生信息。\n");
    }
    printf("+-----------------------------------+\n");
}

// 函数菜单
void mainMenu(Student students[], int* count) {
    int choice;
    do {
        clearScreen();
        printf("学生成绩管理系统\n");
        printf("1. 录入学生成绩\n");
        printf("2. 修改学生成绩\n");
        printf("3. 统计学生成绩\n");
        printf("4. 查询学生成绩\n");
        printf("5. 输出学生成绩单\n");
        printf("6. 退出系统\n");
        printf("请选择功能: ");
        scanf("%d", &choice);

        switch (choice) {
        case 1:
            addStudent(students, count);
            break;
        case 2:
            modifyStudent(students, *count);
            break;
        case 3:
            calculateStatistics(students, *count);
            break;
        case 4:
            searchStudent(students, *count);
            break;
        case 5:
            printReportCard(students, *count);
            break;
        case 6:
            printf("退出系统。\n");
            break;
        default:
            printf("无效的选择，请重新输入。\n");
            break;
        }

        getchar(); // 清除输入缓冲区中的换行符
        system("pause"); // 暂停程序，等待用户按键
    } while (choice != 6);
}

test.c

#include"studentPerformance.h"

int main() {
    int count = 0;
    Student students[MAX_STUDENTS];

    loadStudentsFromFile(students, &count);

    mainMenu(students, &count);

    saveStudentsToFile(students, count);

    return 0;
}