C++组合模式：Composite Pattern

组合模式：允许将对象组合成树形结构来表现“整体/部分”层次结构，组合能让客户以统一的方式处理叶节点对象以及组合对象。

eg：文件和文件夹

我们称包含其他组件的组件为组合对象（文件夹），而没有包含其他组件的组件为叶节点对象（文件）。

对叶节点对象可能会限制某些行为。

类图：

实现如下：

component.h:

#ifndef COMPONENT_H
#define COMPONENT_H
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Component {
public:
    virtual void add(Component* c) = 0;
    virtual void print() = 0;
    virtual string getName() = 0;
    bool isDirectory;
protected:
    string m_name;
};

#endif // COMPONENT_H

file.h:

#ifndef FILE_H
#define FILE_H
#include "component.h"

class File : public Component {
public:
    File(string name);
    virtual void add(Component* c) override
    {

    }

    virtual string getName() override
    {
        return m_name;
    }

    virtual void print() override;

};

File::File(string name)
{
    m_name = name;
    isDirectory = false;
}

void File::print()
{
    cout << "文件: " << m_name << " ";
}

#endif // FILE_H

directory.h:

#ifndef DIRECTORY_H
#define DIRECTORY_H
#include "component.h"

class Directory : public Component {
public:
    Directory(string name);
    virtual void add(Component* c) override;
    virtual void print() override;
    virtual string getName() override;

private:
    vector<Component* > m_components;
};

Directory::Directory(string name)
{
    m_name = name;
    isDirectory = true;
}

void Directory::add(Component* c)
{
    m_components.push_back(c);
}

string Directory::getName()
{
    return m_name;
}


void Directory::print()
{
    for(int i = 0; i < m_components.size(); i++)
    {
        if(m_components[i]->isDirectory)
        {
            cout << "文件夹:" << m_components[i]->getName() << " ";
        }
        else
        {
            m_components[i]->print();
        }
    }

    cout << endl;
}



#endif // DIRECTORY_H

main.cpp:

/*
 * 组合模式
 *
 * date:2023-9-16
*/

#include "file.h"
#include "directory.h"

int main()
{
    Component* root = new Directory("根目录");
    Component* directoryMusic = new Directory("音乐");
    Component* directoryVideo = new Directory("视频");

    Component* others = new File("其他");
    Component* music1 = new File("平凡之路.mp3");
    Component* music2 = new File("日落大道.mp3");

    Component* video1 = new File("C++.mp4");
    Component* video2 = new File("Python.mp4");

    root->add(directoryMusic);
    root->add(directoryVideo);
    root->add(others);

    directoryMusic->add(music1);
    directoryMusic->add(music2);

    directoryVideo->add(video1);
    directoryVideo->add(video2);

    root->print();
    directoryMusic->print();
    directoryVideo->print();


}

运行截图：