BGP综合实验

m0_73832254

已于 2024-05-12 20:51:30 修改

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于 2024-05-12 20:44:04 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73832254/article/details/138762707

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一、实验拓扑

二、实验要求

1、AS1中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告
AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两个环回可以平通
2、整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划分，并且其内部配置ospf协议
3、AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制
4、使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问
5、减少路由条目数量，避免环路出现

三、实验分析

OSPF搞OSPF的环回口建邻

BGP联盟（全连接）

BGP的宣告（宣告大网段，并做防环设计---在边界路由器上做就可以了）

隧道沟通跨AS区域业务网

四、实验步骤

1、配IP地址

[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24

[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32

[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.3 24

[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.4 24

[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.5 24

[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.6 24

[R7]int g 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0 
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.7 24

[R8]int g 0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.8 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 32
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.8 24

2、配OSPF内网通

[R2]ospf 1 ro	
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

#ospf宣告完成后查看邻居表和ospf表
[R2]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R2]dis ospf peer brief

[R3]ospf 1 ro	
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

#ospf宣告完成后查看邻居表和ospf表
[R3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R3]dis ospf peer brief

[R4]ospf 1 ro	
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]a 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

#ospf宣告完成后查看邻居表和ospf表
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R4]dis ospf peer brief

[R5]ospf 1 ro	
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

#ospf宣告完成后查看邻居表和ospf表
[R5]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R5]dis ospf peer brief

[R6]ospf 1 ro	
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

#ospf宣告完成后查看邻居表和ospf表
[R6]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R6]dis ospf peer brief

[R7]ospf 1 ro	
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

#ospf宣告完成后查看邻居表和ospf表
[R7]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R7]dis ospf peer brief

3、BGP建邻

[R1]bgp 1	
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R1]dis bgp peer

[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as 64512	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-l	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local 
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as 64513	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R2]dis bgp peer

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as 64512	
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as 64512	
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R3]dis bgp peer

[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2	
[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0	
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 next-hop-local

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R4]dis bgp peer

[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2	
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512	
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local 
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0	
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 next-hop-local

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R5]dis bgp peer

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as 64513	
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R6]dis bgp peer

[R7]bgp 64513	
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2	
[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0	
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local   
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.8 as 3
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0	
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 next-hop-local

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R7]dis bgp peer

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.7 as 2

#BGP建邻完成后，查看建邻是否成功
[R8]dis bgp peer

4、防环、宣告网段和路由汇总

#先宣告一个网段，查看所有路由器的学习情况
[R1-bgp]network 172.16.0.1 32

#宣告、防环、汇总后，查看路由表的学习情况
[R1]dis bgp routing-table

#通过宣告一个大网段来简化宣告（要先做防环）	
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512	
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
[R2-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 16

#宣告、防环、汇总后，查看路由表的学习情况
[R2]dis bgp routing-table

[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16 
[R7-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 16

#宣告、防环、汇总后，查看路由表的学习情况
[R7]dis bgp routing-table

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]net	
[R8-bgp]network 172.16.0.8 32


#宣告、防环、汇总后，查看路由表的学习情况
[R8]dis bgp routing-table

#宣告、防环、汇总后，查看路由表的学习情况
[R4]dis bgp routing-table

#宣告、防环、汇总后，查看路由表的学习情况
[R5]dis bgp routing-table

#测试是否可以ping通
[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.8
  PING 172.16.0.8: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=251 time=60 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=251 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=251 time=60 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=251 time=50 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=251 time=50 ms

5、建立隧道

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.1 24	
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 	
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1	
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]description 172.16.0.8
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2


[R1]ping -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.8

[R8]int t 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tu	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol g	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]so	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]de	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]description 172.16.0.1
[R8]ip route-static 192.16.1.0 24 10.1.1.1

#测试
[R1]ping -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.8
  PING 192.168.2.8: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=251 time=90 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=251 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=251 time=70 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=251 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=251 time=60 ms

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BGP综合实验

1、AS1中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两个环回可以平通2、整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划分，并且其内部配置ospf协议3、AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制4、使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问5、减少路由条目数量，避免环路出现。
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