重学java 77.JDK新特性 ③ Stream流

The road is long,it can be really hard.Whatever you do,you hold on to that foolishly hopeful smile

                                                                                                                        —— 24.6.19

Stream流

        stream流中的"流"不是特指"IO流",它是一种"流式编程"(编程方式),可以看做是"流水线

package S109Stream;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo312Stream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("张无忌");
        list.add("张三丰");
        list.add("张大彪");
        list.add("吕不韦");
        list.add("张三");
        list.add("赵姬");
        list.add("张翠山");
        list.add("缪毒");

        /*
        方式1：
        // 需求1：要筛选出姓张的人
        ArrayList<String> listZhang = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String s : list) {
            if (s.startsWith("张")) {
                listZhang.add(s);
            }
        }
        System.out.println(listZhang);

        // 需求2：筛选出姓张、姓名三个字的人
        ArrayList<String> listThrZhang = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String s : list) {
            if (s.startsWith("张")&&s.length()==3){
                listThrZhang.add(s);
            }
        }
        System.out.println(listThrZhang);

        // 需求3：遍历集合，将三个字姓张的打印出来
        for (String s : listThrZhang) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
         */

        // 方式2：将list转成stream流对象
        Stream<String> stream = list.stream();
        /*
                stream.filter(new Predicate<String>() {
            @Override
            public boolean test(String s) {
                return s.startsWith("张");
            }
        }).filter(new Predicate<String>() {
            @Override
            public boolean test(String s) {
                return s.length()==3;
            }
        }).forEach(new Consumer<String>() {
            @Override
            public void accept(String s) {
                System.out.println(s);
            }
        });
         */

        // 方式3：将list转成stream流对象，并用lambda表达式输出
        System.out.println("——————————————Lambda表达式——————————————");
        stream.filter(s -> s.startsWith("张")).filter(s -> s.length()==3).forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));
    }
}

1.Stream的获取

① 针对集合：Collection中的方法

        Stream<E> stream()

② 针对数组：Stream接口中的静态方法

        Static <T> Stream<T> of(T...values)

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo313StreamGet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // ① 针对集合：Collection中的方法
        //     Stream<E> stream()
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("张三");
        list.add("李四");
        list.add("王五");
        Stream<String> stream = list.stream();
        System.out.println(stream);     // 地址值：java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head@7f31245a

        // ② 针对数组：Stream接口中的静态方法
        //     Static <T> Stream<T> of(T...values)
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三","李四","王五");
        System.out.println(stream1);    // java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head@6d6f6e28
    }
}

2.Stream中的方法

① forEach方法：

        void forEach(Consumer<? super T> action);

注意：forEach是一个终结方法（运行结束会自动关闭流）

import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo314StreamForeach {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        foreach();
    }

    /**
     *  逐一处理，可以用来遍历
     */

    private static void foreach() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五");
//        stream1.forEach(new Consumer<String>() {
//            @Override
//            public void accept(String s) {
//                System.out.println(s);
//            }
//        });
        System.out.println("—————————————Lambda表达式—————————————");
        stream1.forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));
    }
}

     

② long count()方法

1.作用：统计元素个数

2.注意：count也是一个终结方法

import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo315StreamCount {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        count();
    }

    /**
     * 统计元素个数
     */
    private static void count() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六");
        long count = stream1.count();
        System.out.println(count);

    }
}

③ Stream<T> filter(Predicate<? super T>predicate)方法

1.方法：stream<T> filter(Predicate<? super T> predicate)方法,返回一个新的stream流对象

2.作用：根据某个条件进行元素过滤

import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo316StreamFilter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        filter();
        filter2();
    }

    private static void filter2() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        System.out.println("——————————————————lembda表达式————————————————");
        stream1.filter(s -> s.length() == 3).forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));

    }

    private static void filter() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        Stream<String> newStream = stream1.filter(new Predicate<String>() {
            @Override
            public boolean test(String s) {
                return s.length() == 3;
            }
        });

        newStream.forEach(new Consumer<String>() {
            @Override
            public void accept(String s) {
                System.out.println(s);
            }
        });
    }
}

④ Stream<T> limit(long maxsize)方法

        获取Stream流对象中的前n个元素，返回一个新的Stream流对象

import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo317StreamLimit {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        limit();
    }

    /**
     * 获取前几个元素
     */
    private static void limit() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        stream1.limit(3).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));
    }
}

⑤ Stream<T> skip(long n)

        跳过stream流对象中的前n个元素,返回一个新的Stream流对象

import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo318StreamSkip {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        skip();
    }

    /**
     * 跳过前n个元素
     */
    private static void skip() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        stream1.skip(2).forEach(s-> System.out.print(s+" "));
    }
}

⑥ static<T> Stream<T> concat(Stream<? extends T> a, Stream<?extends T> b)

        两个流合成一个流

import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo319StreamConcat {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Concat();
    }

    /**
     * 流合并，是一个静态方法
     */
    private static void Concat() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五");
        Stream<String> stream2 = Stream.of("赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        Stream<String> stream3 = Stream.concat(stream1, stream2);
        
        stream3.forEach(s -> System.out.print(s+" "));
    }
}

⑦ 将Stream流变成集合

        从stream流对象转成集合对象，使用stream接口方法collect()

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo320StreamCollect {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Collect();
        Collect1();
    }

    /**
     * 流转集合
     */
    private static void Collect1() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        List<String> collect1 = stream1.collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect1);
    }
    
    private static void Collect() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        Set<String> collect = stream1.collect(Collectors.toSet());
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

⑧ distinct方法

Stream<T> distinct()

元素去重复，依赖hashcode和equals方法

Person类

import java.util.Objects;

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Person() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Person person = (Person) o;
        return age == person.age && Objects.equals(name, person.name);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, age);
    }
}

import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo321StreamDistinct {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        distinct();
    }

    /**
     * 去重复元素的
     * 被去重的元素底层需要重写hashcode和equals方法
     */
    private static void distinct() {
        Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四", "王五", "张三","张晓梅","赵六","马七","张晓梅","马冬梅");
        stream1.distinct().forEach(s->System.out.print(s+" "));
        System.out.println();
        Stream<Person> stream2 = Stream.of(new Person("张三",10),new Person("李四",12),new Person("张三",10));
        stream2.distinct().forEach(person->System.out.print(person+" "));

    }
}

⑨ 转换流中的类型

Stream<R> map(Function<T,R> mapper) —> 转换流中的数据类型

import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo322StreamMap {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        map();
    }

    /**
     * 转换流中的类型
     */
    private static void map() {
        Stream<Integer> stream = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
        stream.map(new Function<Integer, String>() {
            @Override
            public String apply(Integer integer) {
                return integer.toString();
            }
        }).forEach(s -> System.out.println(s+1));
    }
}

⑩ Stream流练习

1.第一个队伍只要名字为3个字的成员姓名;——filter
2.第一个队伍筛选之后只要前3个人;——limit
3.第二个队伍只要姓张的成员姓名;——filter
4.第二个队伍筛选之后不要前2个人;——skip
5.将两个队伍合并为一个队伍;——concat
6.打印整个队伍的姓名信息。——forEach

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Demo323StreamPractice {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<String> one = new ArrayList<>();
        one.add("迪丽热巴");
        one.add("宋远桥");
        one.add("苏星河");
        one.add("老于");
        one.add("庄于");
        one.add("孙子");
        one.add("洪七公");

        ArrayList<String> two =new ArrayList<>();
        two.add("古力娜扎");
        two.add("张无忌");
        two.add("张三丰");
        two.add("赵丽颖");
        two.add("张二狗");
        two.add("张天爱");
        two.add("张三");

        // 将两个集合变成Stream流
        Stream<String> teamA = one.stream();
        Stream<String> teamB = two.stream();
        /**
         * 1.第一个队伍只要名字为3个字的成员姓名;——filter
         * 2.第一个队伍筛选之后只要前3个人;——limit
         * 3.第二个队伍只要姓张的成员姓名;——filter
         * 4.第二个队伍筛选之后不要前2个人;——skip
         * 5.将两个队伍合并为一个队伍;——concat
         * 6.打印整个队伍的姓名信息。——forEach
         */

        Stream<String> listA = teamA.filter(s -> s.length() == 3).limit(3);
        Stream<String> listB = teamB.filter(s -> s.startsWith("张")).skip(2);
        Stream.concat(listA, listB).forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));
    }
}