人工智能期末复习第一弹：Introduction of Artificial intelligence

 

下面是知识点总结：

Some definitions of AI organized into four categories

1.Systems that think like humans.

2.Systems that think rationally.

3.Systems that act like humans.

4.Systems that act rationally

The four definitions above vary along two dimensions :

    Human-centered

    Rationality

 Human-centered approach

    empirical science, involving hypothesis and experimental confirmation.

 Rationalist approach

    combination of mathematics and engineering.

Acting humanly: Turing Test

● Alan Turing's 1950 article Computing Machinery and Intelligence proposed Turing Test,which provide a satisfactory operational definition of intelligence.

The Turing test (The Imitation Game):

 A human interrogator poses written questions to it

 The computer return written responses

 The computer passed the test if the human interrogator can not tell whether the responds are from a person or not。

What is AI?

Thinking Rationally: Laws of Thought

Acting Rationally: The Rational Agent

The History of artifical intelligence：

The History of artifical intelligence：

The term artificial intelligence was first coined in 1956 ,

The gestation of AI (1943-1955)

1950 Alan Turing

（ 1951 Minsky&Edmonds）

Early enthusiasm, great expectations(1952-1969)

A dose of reality(1966-1973)

Knowledge-based systems: The key to power? (1969-1979)

AI becomes an industry(1980 - now)

AI become a science(1987-present)

这一部分一般没什么题目，可能一个问答题，只需要了解一些概念就行了，下面是一个例题：

The ultimate goal of Artificial Intelligence is to mimic human intelligence andbuild a robot that think and act like human.Has it come true now?If not,what ismissing?

Answer: As of now, AI has made significant progress in mimicking certain aspects of human intelligence, such as recognizing patterns, understanding natural language, and playing games at a high level.

However, it has not yet achieved the full extent of human-like thinking and acting. What's missing includes:  

General Intelligence : Current AI systems are specialized and cannot perform a wide range of tasks with the flexibility and adaptability of human intelligence.  

Emotional Intelligence : AI lacks the ability to understand and respond to human emotions in a deeply meaningful way.  

Common Sense Reasoning : AI often struggles with understanding context and making decisions based on everyday common sense.  

Creativity : While AI can generate creative outputs, it does not possess true creativity that involves complex human-like thought processes.

翻译：

到目前为止，人工智能在模仿人类智能的某些方面，如识别模式、理解自然语言和玩高水平游戏方面，已经取得了重大进展。但是，它还没有完全达到像人类一样思考和行动的水平。所欠缺的包括

通用智能：目前的人工智能系统都是专业化的，无法像人类智能那样灵活、适应性强地执行各种任务。

情感能力：人工智能缺乏深刻理解和回应人类情感的能力。

常识推理：人工智能往往难以理解上下文并根据日常常识做出决策。

创造力：虽然人工智能可以产生创造性的产出，但它并不具备真正的创造力，即涉及类似人类的复杂思维过程。 

 其实可能还有一些其他的答案，大家可以自由发挥~

看网上这部分复习知识有点少，希望对大家有用呀~ 顺便可以的话动动手给我点个赞嘻嘻