自学python爬虫方法，对网络小说进行抓取！

#先导入爬虫运用到的两个库和对文件操作的os模块
import requests
import lxml.html
from lxml import etree
import os

#获取网站的url以及伪装自己
url="https://www.1biqug.net"
base_url="https://www.1biqug.net/29/29370/"
headers = {
    'Host': 'www.1biqug.net',
    'Referer': 'https://www.1biqug.net/',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/110.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/110.0.1587.63'}


#爬取文章的目录，用etree方法解析成html文本形式寻找信息
req=requests.get(url=base_url,headers=headers)
html=lxml.etree.HTML(req.text)
req2=etree.tostring(html)
str=req2.decode("utf-8")

novel_save_dir=os.path.join(os.getcwd(),"novel_cache/")#文章的加入入径
herfs=html.xpath("//dd/a/@href")[12:]#获取文章链接

#对每章的链接进行循环访问
for herf in herfs:
    urls=url+herf
    re1=requests.get(urls)
    re1.encoding="utf-8"
    content1=etree.HTML(re1.text)
    titlt_head=content1.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div/div/h1/text()")[0]#每章的名字
    print(titlt_head)

    content2=content1.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div/div//text()")
    #循环了每章的内容


#保存文章
    neir=""
    for x in content2:
        neir = neir+x+"\n"
    with open(os.path.join("novel_cache",titlt_head +".txt"),"a",encoding="utf-8") as f:
        f.write(neir)
        print("下载成功")