ServletConfig是什么
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为Servlet提供初始配置参数的一种对象,每个Servlet都有自己独立唯一的ServletConfig对象
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容器会为每个Servlet实例化一个ServletConfig对象,并通过Servlet生命周期的init方法传入给Servlet作为属性
ServletConfig是一个接口,定义了如下API
package jakarta.servlet;
import java.util.Enumeration;
public interface ServletConfig {
String getServletName();
ServletContext getServletContext();
String getInitParameter(String var1);
Enumeration<String> getInitParameterNames();
}
ServletConfig怎么用,测试代码如下
public class ServletA extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletConfig servletConfig = this.getServletConfig();
// 根据参数名获取单个参数
String value = servletConfig.getInitParameter("param1");
System.out.println("param1:"+value);
// 获取所有参数名
Enumeration<String> parameterNames = servletConfig.getInitParameterNames();
// 迭代并获取参数名
while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String paramaterName = parameterNames.nextElement();
System.out.println(paramaterName+":"+servletConfig.getInitParameter(paramaterName));
}
}
}
public class ServletB extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletConfig servletConfig = this.getServletConfig();
// 根据参数名获取单个参数
String value = servletConfig.getInitParameter("param1");
System.out.println("param1:"+value);
// 获取所有参数名
Enumeration<String> parameterNames = servletConfig.getInitParameterNames();
// 迭代并获取参数名
while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String paramaterName = parameterNames.nextElement();
System.out.println(paramaterName+":"+servletConfig.getInitParameter(paramaterName));
}
}
}
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ServletA</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlet.ServletA</servlet-class>
<!--配置ServletA的初始参数-->
<init-param>
<param-name>param1</param-name>
<param-value>value1</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>param2</param-name>
<param-value>value2</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ServletB</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlet.ServletB</servlet-class>
<!--配置ServletB的初始参数-->
<init-param>
<param-name>param3</param-name>
<param-value>value3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>param4</param-name>
<param-value>value4</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ServletA</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servletA</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ServletB</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servletB</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
测试.
ServletContext是什么
-
ServletContext对象有称呼为上下文对象,或者叫应用域对象(后面统一讲解域对象)
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容器会为每个app创建一个独立的唯一的ServletContext对象
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ServletContext对象为所有的Servlet所共享
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ServletContext可以为所有的Servlet提供初始配置参数
ServletContext怎么用
配置参数:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"
version="5.0">
<context-param>
<param-name>paramA</param-name>
<param-value>valueA</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>paramB</param-name>
<param-value>valueB</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
在Servlet中获取ServletContext并获取参数
package com.atguigu.servlet;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletConfig;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletContext;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
public class ServletA extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 从ServletContext中获取为所有的Servlet准备的参数
ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
String valueA = servletContext.getInitParameter("paramA");
System.out.println("paramA:"+valueA);
// 获取所有参数名
Enumeration<String> initParameterNames = servletContext.getInitParameterNames();
// 迭代并获取参数名
while (initParameterNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String paramaterName = initParameterNames.nextElement();
System.out.println(paramaterName+":"+servletContext.getInitParameter(paramaterName));
}
}
}