目录
1.无发布路由实现192.168.1.0/24和192.168.2.0/24的相互通讯
这次是要配置有关于BGP相关的实验配置,具体实验要求如下:
一、实验要求分析
这里我是用表格来展示实验的要求和分析结果如下:
要求一是分别在AS1和AS3中配置两个环回网段其中192..168.1.0/24和192.168.2.0/24在没有进行宣告的情况下可以相互通信,10.0.0.0/24和11.0.0.0/24这两个环回网段并没有具体要求 | 10.0.0.0/24和11.0.0.0/24的相互通信只要在完成BGP环境后进行路由发布就可以实现通信,而192.168.1.0/24和192.168.2.0/24可以建立一个虚拟隧道,并且配置一条指向对方网段的静态路由就可以实现在没有宣告的情况下达成相互通信的目的 |
要求二是要求AS2基于172.16.0.0/16进行IP地址的划分 | 该要求可以具体去看IP地址划分,在此不做赘述 |
要求三是说明AS间的骨干链路可以自由分配IP地址 | 该要求只是提示,告知如何划分IP地址 |
要求四要求是使用BGP协议让整个网络下的所有设备的环回可以相互通信 | 要实现整个网络下的所有设备可以相互通信就需要让每一台设备拥有到达目标网段的路由信息,因此在上图的BGP的环境下就需要在AS2中启动OSPF进程,并且配置联邦和路由反射器来解决IBGP水平分割所导致的路由无法发布的问题,最后还要发布在R1,R2,R7,R8上发布路由信息来完成路由的补全以此来实现要求 |
最有一个要求就是减少路由条目的防止环路的发生 | 减少路由条目就是要在AS之间进行路由聚合,以此来减少路由条目,有汇总就有可能出现环路,因此还需要一定的防环手段,在设备上进行路由聚合操作会自动生成一条指向聚合网段的空接口,防止了环路的产生,也就达成了实验要求 |
二、IP地址的划分
这个实验划分相对比较自由因此可以基于我之前的IP划分进行分配,相关参考如下:
三、具体配置
一号路由器:
sysname R1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel-protocol gre
source 12.0.0.1
destination 78.0.0.2
#
bgp 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
peer 12.0.0.2 enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
network 12.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
#
ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.10.2
二号路由器:
sysname R2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.32.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 172.16.16.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 64512
router-id 2.2.2.2
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64513
peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1
peer 172.16.1.1 as-number 64512
peer 172.16.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 172.16.128.1 as-number 64513
peer 172.16.128.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 172.16.128.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
aggregate 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 detail-suppressed
network 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
network 172.16.0.0 255.255.128.0
import-route ospf 1
peer 12.0.0.1 enable
peer 172.16.1.1 enable
peer 172.16.1.1 next-hop-local
peer 172.16.128.1 enable
peer 172.16.128.1 next-hop-local
#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.16.0 0.0.15.255
network 172.16.32.0 0.0.15.255
#
ip route-static 172.16.128.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.16.2
三号路由器:
sysname R3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.32.2 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.48.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 64512
peer 172.16.0.1 as-number 64512
peer 172.16.0.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
peer 172.16.0.1 enable
peer 172.16.0.1 reflect-client
peer 172.16.2.1 enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.32.0 0.0.15.255
network 172.16.48.0 0.0.15.255
四号路由器:
sysname R4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.48.2 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.144.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 64512
router-id 4.4.4.4
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64513
peer 172.16.1.1 as-number 64512
peer 172.16.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 172.16.130.1 as-number 64513
peer 172.16.130.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 172.16.130.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
peer 172.16.1.1 enable
peer 172.16.130.1 enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.48.0 0.0.15.255
network 172.16.144.0 0.0.15.255
#
ip route-static 172.16.130.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.144.2
五号路由器:
sysname R5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.16.2 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.176.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.128.1 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 64513
router-id 5.5.5.5
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64512
peer 172.16.0.1 as-number 64512
peer 172.16.0.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 172.16.0.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 172.16.129.1 as-number 64513
peer 172.16.129.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
peer 172.16.0.1 enable
peer 172.16.129.1 enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
area 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.16.0 0.0.15.255
network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.176.0 0.0.15.255
#
ip route-static 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.16.1
六号路由器:
sysname R6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.160.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.176.2 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.129.1 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 64513
router-id 6.6.6.6
peer 172.16.128.1 as-number 64513
peer 172.16.128.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 172.16.130.1 as-number 64513
peer 172.16.130.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
peer 172.16.128.1 enable
peer 172.16.130.1 enable
peer 172.16.130.1 reflect-client
#
ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
area 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.129.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.160.0 0.0.15.255
network 172.16.176.0 0.0.15.255
七号路由器:
sysname R7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.144.2 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.160.2 255.255.240.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 78.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.130.1 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 64513
router-id 7.7.7.7
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64512
peer 78.0.0.2 as-number 3
peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 172.16.129.1 as-number 64513
peer 172.16.129.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
aggregate 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 detail-suppressed
network 78.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
import-route ospf 1
peer 78.0.0.2 enable
peer 172.16.2.1 enable
peer 172.16.2.1 next-hop-local
peer 172.16.129.1 enable
peer 172.16.129.1 next-hop-local
#
ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
area 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.144.0 0.0.15.255
network 172.16.160.0 0.0.15.255
#
ip route-static 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.144.1
八号路由器:
sysname R8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 78.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 11.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel-protocol gre
source 78.0.0.2
destination 12.0.0.1
#
bgp 3
router-id 8.8.8.8
peer 78.0.0.1 as-number 2
#
ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 11.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
peer 78.0.0.1 enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
#
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.10.1
四、实验结果展示
1.无发布路由实现192.168.1.0/24和192.168.2.0/24的相互通讯
(1)一号,八号路由器BGP路由表信息
(2)相互通信展示
2.基于BGP协议网络中所有的环回访问展示
(1)一号路由器访问八号路由器环回
(2)一号路由器访问六号路由器环回
(3)三号路由器访问八号路由器环回
(4)三号路由器访问六号路由器环回
上述基本可以说明网络中所有的环回访问没有太大问题