操作系统笔记

操作系统的功能1、i/o设备2、文件处理3、内存分配4、进程管理

？•Control and Status Registers控制状态寄存器

        –Program Counter (PC)存放下一条指令的地址（选项d2）

                •Contains the address of an instruction to be fetched

        –Instruction Register (IR)存放最近指令的地址

                •Contains the instruction most recently fetched

        –Program Status Word (PSW)程度的状态寄存器

                •Condition codes [more detail next]        

                •Other state-related bits, such as:        

                        –Interrupt enable/disable        

                        –Supervisor/user mode

– … …

– 1 Serial Processing: No Operating Systems 串行处理

– 2 Simple Batch Systems  简单批处理

– 3 Multiprogrammed Batch Systems 多道批处理

– 4 Time-Sharing Systems 时分系统

 

• Exploit the principle of locality

        – Add some cache between fast and slow memory

•Cache Principles

        – Contains a copy of a portion of main memory

        – Processor first checks cache

• (Hit 命中 ) If found, just use it. And do not need access to the memory

• (Miss 不命中 ) If not found in cache, the block of memory containing the needed information is moved to the cache and delivered to the processor