2024年最新Python实战入门，编程新手小白必看篇！

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一、软件

• （1）python-3.12.3-amd64.exe
• （2）pycharm-community-2024.2.2.exe
• （3）django==4.0.10
• （4）pycharm选择适合自己电脑版本即可
  

• pycharm激活码：

KQ8KMJ77TY-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-QKJUeHFkc+NaPWlEFZFGpoBJBYjehR5cGPezKK9BKHVnVaydzLV4YSAnILt8mz9twXw9lIh0k/HivsPKrffP8F9gZkWA/rfjieSI0jziDr9WBARPzYKRlQHSw/iZn5VUn6zIR9U7uJC6Kd/jiaeLumn+dzL/ia9B/1dBUIg5WQlIOtld4xx2xR0gb4JCNBd4kQMV4SAC3Og13/APGkDiP7KzDz7T3DxmpSKvjAfG1Hg1jn2pt5B/3gmhOK5lmJKbGBDRW40f4sqyDpzXsA5DaPAAaFT07GSL5FlfdKfngGjcQdwQ18k1iFET6wSwWkk+p+OySDqegpFw3wx2Kzj+Ow==-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

二、安装

1.安装Python

• python-3.10.10-amd64.exe

2.如果Web开发，可以使用django（这只是其中一种框架），注意安装的django版本需要与对应的Python版本对应，我这里python-3.10.10对应的就是django==4.0.10

• pip install django==4.0.10

3.初始化项目

• ①先进入到自己的目录，比如cd D:\python
• ②django-admin startproject bysms

这里要注意，如果你电脑上同时安装了2个版本的python，那请都卸载了重新安装你自己想要的Python，且重新用命令“pip install django==版本号”安装django。

不然他们可能会一直出现如下错误

C:\Users\Jungle>django-admin startproject bysms
Fatal error in launcher: Unable to create process using 
"C:\Users\Jungle\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python313\python.exe"
"C:\Users\Jungle\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\Scripts\django-admin.exe" 
startproject bysms': ???????????

• 运行web命令如下(当然先进入到项目文件目录下面比如D:\python\bysms）：

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80

接着访问

http://127.0.0.0:80/

如果访问不了，比如可能是端口被占用了，那我们就修改端口，修改如下

可以通过修改manage.py进行修改，只需要加三行：

from django.core.management.commands.runserver 
import Command as Runserver
Runserver.default_addr = '127.0.0.1'  # 修改默认地址
Runserver.default_port = '8080'  # 修改默认端口

如果想用其他ip，需要再在如下settings.py文件添加ip

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['192.168.2.11']

在用命令行执行如下命令

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8087

再次访问地址

http://192.168.2.11:8087/

python manage.py startapp sales

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三、写代码

• 初始化页面

python manage.py startapp sales

• 在views.py里面编写接口方法

from django.http 
import HttpResponse
from select import select # Create your views here.
def listorders(request):
return HttpResponse("hello Djando!")   

• 再修改根目录下的urls.py，添加path(‘sales/orders’,listorders),

sales/orders是我们自定义的路由路径，listorders是我们上面定义的方法

from django.contrib 
import admin
from django.urls 
import path,include
from sales.views 
import listorders
urlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('sales/orders',listorders)]

访问http://192.168.2.11:8087/sales/orders/ 即可返回hello Djando!

但是，我们一般开发可能是分模块的，每个模块都需要在根目录下设置该模块的多个接口方法，就有点分工不对似的，根目录只需要知道模块名字，而具体方法由子模块来编写，所以我们改写如下

• 根目录的views.py

from django.contrib 
import admin
from django.urls 
import path,include
from sales.views 
import listorders urlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('sales/',include('sales.urls'))]

• sales目录下的views.py

from django.urls 
import  path
from sales.views 
import listorders,listorders2,listorders3,listorders5,listorders6 urlpatterns = [path('orders/',listorders),
path('orders2/',listorders2),path('orders3/',listorders3),path('orders6/',listorders6)]

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四、数据库操作

• 安装pymysql

pip install pymysql

在sales目录下的views.py下面添加访问数据库的方法，主要是方法listorders5和6

from itertools 
import count
from django.shortcuts 
import render
from django.http 
import HttpResponse
from pymysql
import 
from select 
import select # Create your views here.
def listorders(request):
return HttpResponse("hello Djando!")
def listorders2(request):
return HttpResponse("hello Djando2!")
def listorders3(request):
return HttpResponse("hello Djando3!") # MySQL插入
def listorders5(request):conn = 
connect(host='127.0.0.1',user=
'root',password='root',port=3306,db='testdb', charset='utf8')cs1=conn.cursor() 
count=cs1.execute('INSERT INTO student(name) VALUES(1)')# 
count2 = cs1.execute('select * from  student')
conn.commit()cs1.close()conn.close()
return HttpResponse(count) # MySQL查询
def listorders6(request):conn = connect(host='127.0.0.1',user=
'root',password='root',port=3306,db='testdb',charset='utf8'`)
cs1=conn.cursor() # count=cs1.execute('INSERT INTO student(name) VALUES(1)')
count2 = cs1.execute('select * from  student')
conn.commit()cs1.close()conn.close()
return HttpResponse(count2)

如果导入的from pymysql import * 显示红色波浪线，我们可以把鼠标放到红色波浪线上面根据pycharm的提示菜单安装插件即可

• 我们再来访问

http://192.168.2.11:8087/sales/orders5/``http://192.168.2.11:8087/sales/orders6/

• 代码目录如下

总结

• 最后希望你编程学习上不急不躁,按照计划有条不紊推进,把任何一件事做到极致,都是不容易的,加油,努力！相信自己！

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