HCIP第三次作业(OSPF综合实验)

目录

一、实验拓扑图

二、实验要求

三、实验思路及步骤

四、实验步骤

1、对整个路由器接口IP地址进行配置

(1)R1配置

查看R1配置表:

(2)R2配置

查看R2配置表:

(3)R3配置

查看R3配置表:

(4)R4配置

查看R4配置表:

(5)R5配置

查看R5配置表:

(6)R6配置

查看R6配置表:

(7)R7配置

查看R7配置表:

(8)R8配置

(9)R9配置

查看R9配置表:

(10)R10配置

(11)R11配置

查看R11配置表:

(12)R12配置

2、先对are0区域进行MGRE环境配置

(1)R3配置

(2)R4充当ISP不进行IP地址配置

(3)R5配置

(4)R6配置

(5)R7配置

(6)使用R3进行栈道模拟测试(能ping通说明MGRE环境搭建成功)

3、对所有OSPF区域启动OSPF

(1)R3配置

(2)R5配置

(3)R6配置

(4)R7配置

4、更改tunnel接口的接口类型-P2MP(当接口类型修改为P2MP后,不用进行主客选举)

(1)R3配置

(2)R5配置

(3)R6配置

(4)R7配置

5、启动OSPF协议

(1)area1--区域一

①RI配置

②R2配置

③R3配置

(2)area2--区域二

①R6配置

②R11配置

③R12配置

④对R12使用RIP启动172.16..0.0 网段

(3)area3-区域三

①R7配置

②R8配置

③R9配置

(4)area4-区域四

①R9配置

②R10配置

6、将路由器的所有用户环回改为broadcast类型

7、R12和R9进行重发布

(1)R12配置

(2)R9配置

(3)使用R5进行测试

8、对整个网路进行优化

(1)are1在R3上进行区域汇总

(2)are2在R6上进行区域汇总

(3)are3在R7上进行区域汇总

(4)are4在R9上进行汇总

(5)R12对RIP网段进行区域汇总

(6)将area1、area2、area3做成特殊区域,来实现路由条目的减少

①将are1(区域一)路由OSPF 1 改为stub

②将are2(区域二)路由OSPF 1 改为nssa

③将are3(区域三)路由OSPF 1 改为nssa

9、做端口映射,能够进行访问到公网。进行NAT协议的配置

(1)R3配置

(2)R6配置

(3)R7配置

10、对area1进行区域认证的配置,保证更新安全

11、加快收敛

12、对ABR及ASBR做过子网汇总的路由器做空接口来进行防环

五、测试


一、实验拓扑图

二、实验要求

1、R4为ISP,其上只能配置IP地址;R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP;
2、R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6、全网可达

三、实验思路及步骤

1、将172.16.0.0/16的网段进行子网划分。

2、判断网络接口类型为P2P网络类型还是MA网络类型。

3、对各个设备进行IP地址的配置,及环回接口的配置。

4、对R3、R5、R6、R7设备进行MGRE环境的配置,R3为中心站点,并在这四个路由器上而配置到ISP的缺省路由,实现对边界路由器的私网互通。

5、对各个路由器进行配置OSPF协议并进行宣告,注意在宣告的时候可以汇总的路由信息可以汇总后一并宣告,让其各个路由器获取其他网段的路由拓扑信息,从而获取路由条目。

6、将域外路由通过重发布实现OSPF内可以互通。

7、对边界路由器配置NAT协议从而实现可以对公网的访问。

四、实验步骤

1、对整个路由器接口IP地址进行配置

(1)R1配置

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.1 29

[r1]interface LoopBack 0

[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.17.1 24

查看R1配置表:

[r1]display ip interface brief

(2)R2配置

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.2 29

[r2]interface LoopBack 0

[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.18.1 24

查看R2配置表:

[r2]display ip interface brief 

(3)R3配置

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.3 29

[r3]interface LoopBack 0

[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.19.1 24

[r3]interface Serial 4/0/0

[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.3 24

查看R3配置表:

[r3]display ip interface brief 

(4)R4配置

[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.4 24

[r4]interface LoopBack 0

[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24

[r4]interface Serial 3/0/0

[r4-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.4 24

[r4]interface Serial 4/0/0

[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.4 24

[r4]interface Serial 4/0/1

[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.0.0.4 24

查看R4配置表:

[r4]display ip interface brief 

(5)R5配置

[r5]interface LoopBack 0

[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.1 24

[r5]interface Serial 4/0/0

[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.0.0.5 24

查看R5配置表:

[r5]display ip interface brief 

(6)R6配置

[r6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 30

[r6]interface LoopBack 0

[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24

[r6]interface Serial 4/0/0

[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.6 24

查看R6配置表:

[r6]display ip interface brief 

(7)R7配置

[r7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.7 24

[r7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.49.1 30

[r7]interface LoopBack 0

[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24

查看R7配置表:

[r7]display ip interface brief 

(8)R8配置

[r8]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.49.2 30

[r8]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.49.5 30

[r8]interface LoopBack 0

[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.48.1 24

查看R8配置表:

[r8]display ip interface brief 

(9)R9配置

[r9]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.49.6 30

[r9]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.66.1 30

[r9]interface LoopBack 0

[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.64.1 24

查看R9配置表:

[r9]display ip interface brief 

(10)R10配置

[r10]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.66.2 30

[r10]interface LoopBack 0

[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.65.1 24

查看R10配置表:

[r10]display ip interface brief 

(11)R11配置

[r11]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 30

[r11]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.33.5 30

[r11]interface LoopBack 0

[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.32.1 24

查看R11配置表:

[r11]display ip interface brief 

(12)R12配置

[r12]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.6 30

[r12]interface LoopBack 0

[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.128.1 18

[r12]interface LoopBack 1

[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.192.1 18

查看R12配置表:

[r12]display ip interface brief 

2、先对are0区域进行MGRE环境配置

R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点。起MGRE环境前,保证are0区域全网PING通

R3,R5,R6,R7使用默认缺省路由指向R4

(1)R3配置

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4

[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.1 24

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.3

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic (本地成为NHRP服务端,开启伪广播,为RIP做准备

(2)R4充当ISP不进行IP地址配置

(3)R5配置

[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4

[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.2 24

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.0.0.3 register 

(4)R6配置

[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4

[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.3 24

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.0.0.3 register 

(5)R7配置

[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4

[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.4 24

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.0.0.3 register 

(6)使用R3进行栈道模拟测试(能ping通说明MGRE环境搭建成功

[r3]ping 172.16.0.2

[r3]ping 172.16.0.3

[r3]ping 172.16.0.4

3、对所有OSPF区域启动OSPF

(1)R3配置

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-ospf-1]area 0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0

(2)R5配置

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

[r5-ospf-1]area 0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

(3)R6配置

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

[r6-ospf-1]area 0

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.3 0.0.0.0

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.1 0.0.0.0

(4)R7配置

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[r7-ospf-1]area 0

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255

4、更改tunnel接口的接口类型-P2MP(当接口类型修改为P2MP后,不用进行主客选举

(1)R3配置

[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

(2)R5配置

[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

(3)R6配置

[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

(4)R7配置

[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

5、启动OSPF协议

(1)area1--区域一

①RI配置

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1

[r1-ospf-1]area 1

[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

②R2配置

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[r2-ospf-1]area 1

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

③R3配置

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-ospf-1]area 1

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.16.0 0.15.255.255

(2)area2--区域二

①R6配置

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

[r6-ospf-1]area 2

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0

②R11配置

[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11

[r11-ospf-1]area 2

[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

③R12配置

[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12

[r12-ospf-1]area 2

[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.33.6 0.0.0.0

④对R12使用RIP启动172.16..0.0 网段

[r12]rip 1

[r12-rip-1]ver 2

[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

(3)area3-区域三

①R7配置

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[r7-ospf-1]area 3

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.49.1 0.0.0.0

②R8配置

[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8

[r8-ospf-1]area 3

[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

③R9配置

[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9

[r9-ospf-1]area 3

[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.49.6 0.0.0.0

(4)area4-区域四

①R9配置

[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9

[r9-ospf-1]area 4

[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.64.0 0.15.255.255

②R10配置

[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10

[r10-ospf-1]area 4

[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

6、将路由器的所有用户环回改为broadcast类型

R1:

[r1]interface LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast

R2:

[r2]interface LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast

R3:

[r3]interface LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R5:

[r5]interface LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R6:

[r6]interface LoopBack 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R7:

[r7]interface LoopBack 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R8:

[r8]interface LoopBack 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R9:

[r9]interface LoopBack 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R10:

[r10]interface LoopBack 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R11:

[r11]interface LoopBack 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

R12:

[r12]interface LoopBack 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

7、R12和R9进行重发布

(1)R12配置

[r12]ospf 1

[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1

(2)R9配置

[r9]ospf 1

[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2

[r9-ospf-1]ospf 2

[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1

(3)使用R5进行测试

<r5>ping -a 172.16.1.1 172.16.17.1

<r5>ping -a 172.16.1.1  172.16.18.1

<r5>ping -a 172.16.1.1 172.16.19.1

<r5>ping -a 172.16.1.1 172.16.32.1

<r5>ping 172.16.128.1

<r5>ping 172.16.192.1

8、对整个网路进行优化

(1)are1在R3上进行区域汇总

[r3]ospf 1

[r3-ospf-1]area 1

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.16.0 255.255.240.0

(2)are2在R6上进行区域汇总

[r6]ospf 1

[r6-ospf-1]area 2

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.240.0

(3)are3在R7上进行区域汇总

[r7]ospf 1

[r7-ospf-1]area 3

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.48.0 255.255.240.0

(4)are4在R9上进行汇总

[r9]ospf 1

[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.240.0

(5)R12对RIP网段进行区域汇总

[r12]ospf 1

[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.128.0

(6)将area1、area2、area3做成特殊区域,来实现路由条目的减少

①将are1(区域一)路由OSPF 1 改为stub

[r1]ospf 1

[r1-ospf-1]area 1

[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub 

[r2]ospf 1

[r2-ospf-1]area 1

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[r3]ospf 1

[r3]ospf 1

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 

②将are2(区域二)路由OSPF 1 改为nssa

[r6]ospf 1

[r6-ospf-1]area 2

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[r11]ospf 1

[r11-ospf-1]area 2

[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[r12]ospf 1

[r12-ospf-1]area 2

[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

③将are3(区域三)路由OSPF 1 改为nssa

[r7]ospf 1

[r7-ospf-1]area 3

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary 

[r8]ospf 1

[r8-ospf-1]area 3

[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

[r9]ospf 1

[r9-ospf-1]area 3

[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

9、做端口映射,能够进行访问到公网。进行NAT协议的配置

(1)R3配置

[r3]acl number 2000

[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.16.0 0.0.15.255

[r3]interface Serial 4/0/0

[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

(2)R6配置

[r6]acl number 2000

[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule 15 permit source 172.16.128.0 0.0.64.255

[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.32.0 0.0.15.255

[r6]interface Serial 4/0/0

[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

(3)R7配置

[r7]acl number 2000

[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.48.0 0.0.15.255

[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule 15 permit source 172.16.64.0 0.0.15.255

[r7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

10、对area1进行区域认证的配置,保证更新安全

[r1]ospf 1 
[r1-ospf-1]area 1    
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[r2]ospf 1 
[r2-ospf-1]area 1   
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[r3]ospf 1  
[r3-ospf-1]area 1    
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

11、加快收敛

[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

12、对ABR及ASBR做过子网汇总的路由器做空接口来进行防环

[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0

[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0

[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0

[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0

五、测试

<r3>ping 4.4.4.4

[r6]ping 4.4.4.4

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