类和对象-多态-案例1-计算器类

案例描述：
分别利用普通写法和多态技术，设计实现两个操作数进行运算的计算器类

多态的优点:
1.代码组织结构清晰
2.可读性强
3.利于前期和后期的扩展以及维护

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

//分别利用普通写法和多态技术实现计算器类

//普通写法
class Calculator {
public:
	int getResult(string oper) {
		if (oper == "+") {
			return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "-") {
			return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "*") {
			return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
		}
		//如果要扩展新的功能，需要修改源码
		//在真实的开发中 提倡 开闭原则
		//开闭原则：对扩展进行开放，对修改进行关闭
	}
	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;
};

void test01() {
	//创建计算器对象
	Calculator c;
	c.m_Num1 = 10;
	c.m_Num2 = 20;

	cout << c.m_Num1 << "+" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("+") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "-" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("-") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "*" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("*") << endl;
}



//利用多态实现计算器

//多态好处：
// 1.组织结构清晰
// 2.可读性强
// 3.对于前期和后期扩展以及维护性高

//实现计算器的抽象类
class AbstractCalculator {
public:
	virtual int getResult() {
		return 0;
	}
	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;
};
//加法计算器类
class AddCalculator :public AbstractCalculator {
public:
	int getResult() {
		return m_Num1 + m_Num1;
	}
};
//减法计算器类
class SubCalculator :public AbstractCalculator {
public:
	int getResult() {
		return m_Num1 - m_Num1;
	}
};
//乘法计算器类
class MulCalculator :public AbstractCalculator {
public:
	int getResult() {
		return m_Num1 * m_Num1;
	}
};
void test02() {
	//多态使用条件
	//父类指针或者引用指向子类对象

	//加法运算
	AbstractCalculator* abc = new AddCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 100;

	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "+" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	//用完后记得销毁
	delete abc;

	//减法运算
	abc = new SubCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 100;

	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "-" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;

	//乘法运算
	abc = new MulCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 100;

	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "*" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;
}
int main(){
	//test01();
	test02();
	system("Pause");
	return 0;
}

总结：C++开发提倡利用多态设计程序架构，因为多态优点很多