Stack底层实现原理，以及应用

        JAVA常见的8种数据结构_bjzw的博客-CSDN博客

Java 底层是Stack实现继承了vector，Stack类主要调用了父类的方法，本身方法也不多，可以看看它的源码

public
class Stack<E> extends Vector<E> {
    /**
     * Creates an empty Stack.
     */
    public Stack() {
    }

    /**
     * Pushes an item onto the top of this stack. This has exactly
     * the same effect as:
     * <blockquote><pre>
     * addElement(item)</pre></blockquote>
     *
     * @param   item   the item to be pushed onto this stack.
     * @return  the {@code item} argument.
     * @see     java.util.Vector#addElement
     */
    public E push(E item) {
        addElement(item);

        return item;
    }

    /**
     * Removes the object at the top of this stack and returns that
     * object as the value of this function.
     *
     * @return  The object at the top of this stack (the last item
     *          of the {@code Vector} object).
     * @throws  EmptyStackException  if this stack is empty.
     */
    public synchronized E pop() {
        E       obj;
        int     len = size();

        obj = peek();
        removeElementAt(len - 1);

        return obj;
    }

    /**
     * Looks at the object at the top of this stack without removing it
     * from the stack.
     *
     * @return  the object at the top of this stack (the last item
     *          of the {@code Vector} object).
     * @throws  EmptyStackException  if this stack is empty.
     */
    public synchronized E peek() {
        int     len = size();

        if (len == 0)
            throw new EmptyStackException();
        return elementAt(len - 1);
    }

    /**
     * Tests if this stack is empty.
     *
     * @return  {@code true} if and only if this stack contains
     *          no items; {@code false} otherwise.
     */
    public boolean empty() {
        return size() == 0;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the 1-based position where an object is on this stack.
     * If the object {@code o} occurs as an item in this stack, this
     * method returns the distance from the top of the stack of the
     * occurrence nearest the top of the stack; the topmost item on the
     * stack is considered to be at distance {@code 1}. The {@code equals}
     * method is used to compare {@code o} to the
     * items in this stack.
     *
     * @param   o   the desired object.
     * @return  the 1-based position from the top of the stack where
     *          the object is located; the return value {@code -1}
     *          indicates that the object is not on the stack.
     */
    public synchronized int search(Object o) {
        int i = lastIndexOf(o);

        if (i >= 0) {
            return size() - i;
        }
        return -1;
    }
}

可以看出，Stack拥有的方法有pop（）和push(),删除元素和添加元素，栈数据结构大家都知道，先进后出，如直接走vector的删除和添加也可以达到同样的效果，进入到元素删减的方法里面还是走的就是vector的方法。下面先来说说push主要是添加元素，因为底层还是数据实现，stack的添加元素按照顺序添加就可以了，不过pop()出的时候是从数组尾部删除，这也就是为什么栈是先进后出的原因所在

使用stack可以实现深度查询树

 Stack<TreeNode> myStack=new Stack<>();
        myStack.add(head);
        while(!myStack.isEmpty()) {
            TreeNode node=myStack.pop();    //弹出栈顶元素
            System.out.print(node.data+" ");
            if(node.rightNode!=null) {
                myStack.push(node.rightNode);  //深度优先遍历，先遍历左边，后遍历右边,栈先进后出
            }
            if(node.leftNode!=null) {
                myStack.push(node.leftNode);
            }
        }