muduo之mutex和condition

        线程同步所需的mutex和condition，记录一下。

Mutex.h

// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
// that can be found in the License file.
//
// Author: Shuo Chen (chenshuo at chenshuo dot com)

#ifndef MUDUO_BASE_MUTEX_H
#define MUDUO_BASE_MUTEX_H

#include "muduo/base/CurrentThread.h"
#include "muduo/base/noncopyable.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <pthread.h>

// Thread safety annotations {
// https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThreadSafetyAnalysis.html

// Enable thread safety attributes only with clang.
// The attributes can be safely erased when compiling with other compilers.
#if defined(__clang__) && (!defined(SWIG))
#define THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(x)   __attribute__((x))
#else
#define THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(x)   // no-op
#endif

#define CAPABILITY(x) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(capability(x))

#define SCOPED_CAPABILITY \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(scoped_lockable)

#define GUARDED_BY(x) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(guarded_by(x))

#define PT_GUARDED_BY(x) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(pt_guarded_by(x))

#define ACQUIRED_BEFORE(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(acquired_before(__VA_ARGS__))

#define ACQUIRED_AFTER(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(acquired_after(__VA_ARGS__))

#define REQUIRES(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(requires_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define REQUIRES_SHARED(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(requires_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define ACQUIRE(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(acquire_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define ACQUIRE_SHARED(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(acquire_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define RELEASE(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(release_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define RELEASE_SHARED(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(release_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define TRY_ACQUIRE(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(try_acquire_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define TRY_ACQUIRE_SHARED(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(try_acquire_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__))

#define EXCLUDES(...) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(locks_excluded(__VA_ARGS__))

#define ASSERT_CAPABILITY(x) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(assert_capability(x))

#define ASSERT_SHARED_CAPABILITY(x) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(assert_shared_capability(x))

#define RETURN_CAPABILITY(x) \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(lock_returned(x))

#define NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS \
  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(no_thread_safety_analysis)

// End of thread safety annotations }

#ifdef CHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE

#ifdef NDEBUG
__BEGIN_DECLS
extern void __assert_perror_fail (int errnum,
                                  const char *file,
                                  unsigned int line,
                                  const char *function)
    noexcept __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
__END_DECLS
#endif

#define MCHECK(ret) ({ __typeof__ (ret) errnum = (ret);         \
                       if (__builtin_expect(errnum != 0, 0))    \
                         __assert_perror_fail (errnum, __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__);})

#else  // CHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE

#define MCHECK(ret) ({ __typeof__ (ret) errnum = (ret);         \
                       assert(errnum == 0); (void) errnum;})

#endif // CHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE

namespace muduo
{

// Use as data member of a class, eg.
//
// class Foo
// {
//  public:
//   int size() const;
//
//  private:
//   mutable MutexLock mutex_;
//   std::vector<int> data_ GUARDED_BY(mutex_);
// };
class CAPABILITY("mutex") MutexLock : noncopyable
{
 public:
  MutexLock()
    : holder_(0)
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_init(&mutex_, NULL));
  }

  ~MutexLock()
  {
    assert(holder_ == 0);
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex_));
  }

  // must be called when locked, i.e. for assertion
  bool isLockedByThisThread() const
  {
    return holder_ == CurrentThread::tid();
  }

  void assertLocked() const ASSERT_CAPABILITY(this)
  {
    assert(isLockedByThisThread());
  }

  // internal usage

  void lock() ACQUIRE()
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_));
    assignHolder();
  }

  void unlock() RELEASE()
  {
    unassignHolder();
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_));
  }

  pthread_mutex_t* getPthreadMutex() /* non-const */
  {
    return &mutex_;
  }

 private:
  friend class Condition;

  class UnassignGuard : noncopyable
  {
   public:
    explicit UnassignGuard(MutexLock& owner)
      : owner_(owner)
    {
      owner_.unassignHolder();
    }

    ~UnassignGuard()
    {
      owner_.assignHolder();
    }

   private:
    MutexLock& owner_;
  };

  void unassignHolder()
  {
    holder_ = 0;
  }

  void assignHolder()
  {
    holder_ = CurrentThread::tid();
  }

  pthread_mutex_t mutex_;
  pid_t holder_;
};

// Use as a stack variable, eg.
// int Foo::size() const
// {
//   MutexLockGuard lock(mutex_);
//   return data_.size();
// }
class SCOPED_CAPABILITY MutexLockGuard : noncopyable
{
 public:
  explicit MutexLockGuard(MutexLock& mutex) ACQUIRE(mutex)
    : mutex_(mutex)
  {
    mutex_.lock();
  }

  ~MutexLockGuard() RELEASE()
  {
    mutex_.unlock();
  }

 private:

  MutexLock& mutex_;
};

}  // namespace muduo

// Prevent misuse like:
// MutexLockGuard(mutex_);
// A tempory object doesn't hold the lock for long!
#define MutexLockGuard(x) error "Missing guard object name"

#endif  // MUDUO_BASE_MUTEX_H

Condition.h

// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
// that can be found in the License file.
//
// Author: Shuo Chen (chenshuo at chenshuo dot com)

#ifndef MUDUO_BASE_CONDITION_H
#define MUDUO_BASE_CONDITION_H

#include "muduo/base/Mutex.h"

#include <pthread.h>

namespace muduo
{

//封装了条件变量的操作
class Condition : noncopyable
{
 public:
  explicit Condition(MutexLock& mutex)
    : mutex_(mutex)
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_cond_init(&pcond_, NULL));		//初始化
  }

  ~Condition()
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_cond_destroy(&pcond_));			//销毁
  }

  void wait()
  {
    MutexLock::UnassignGuard ug(mutex_);
    MCHECK(pthread_cond_wait(&pcond_, mutex_.getPthreadMutex()));
  }

  // returns true if time out, false otherwise.
  bool waitForSeconds(double seconds);

  void notify()
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_cond_signal(&pcond_));		//一对一
  }

  void notifyAll()
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_cond_broadcast(&pcond_));	//广播
  }

 private:
  MutexLock& mutex_;
  pthread_cond_t pcond_;
};

}  // namespace muduo

#endif  // MUDUO_BASE_CONDITION_H

Condition.cc

// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
// that can be found in the License file.
//
// Author: Shuo Chen (chenshuo at chenshuo dot com)

#include "muduo/base/Condition.h"

#include <errno.h>

// returns true if time out, false otherwise.
bool muduo::Condition::waitForSeconds(double seconds)
{
  struct timespec abstime;
  // FIXME: use CLOCK_MONOTONIC or CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW to prevent time rewind.
  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &abstime);

  const int64_t kNanoSecondsPerSecond = 1000000000;
  int64_t nanoseconds = static_cast<int64_t>(seconds * kNanoSecondsPerSecond);

  abstime.tv_sec += static_cast<time_t>((abstime.tv_nsec + nanoseconds) / kNanoSecondsPerSecond);
  abstime.tv_nsec = static_cast<long>((abstime.tv_nsec + nanoseconds) % kNanoSecondsPerSecond);

  MutexLock::UnassignGuard ug(mutex_);
  return ETIMEDOUT == pthread_cond_timedwait(&pcond_, mutex_.getPthreadMutex(), &abstime);
}