HLR VLR

Home Location Register -- 归属位置寄存器

HLR是GSM/GPRS/EDGE网络的CN(Core Network，核心网)的网元。它是一个数据库，存储着某个运营商的用户的相关。例如：补充业务、鉴权参数、APN(Access Point Name，接入点名称)、用户当前访问的MSC/VLR号码、用户当前访问的SGSN号码等。

HLR是GSM系统的中央数据库，存放着所有归属用户的信息，如用户的有关号码（IMSI和MSISDN）、用户类别、漫游能力、签约业务和补充业务等。此外，HLR还存储着每个归属用户有关的动态数据信息，如用户当前漫游所在的MSC/VLR地址（即位置信息）和分配给用户的补充业务。

HLR、VLR是什么？

HLR（home   location   register）保存的是用户的基本信息，如你的SIM的卡号、手机号码、签约信息等，和动态信息，如当前的位置、是否已经关机等；

VLR(visiting   location   register)保存的是用户的动态信息和状态信息，以及从HLR下载的用户的签约信息。   
    
当你从北京到上海之后，手机会自动向上海的VLR发起位置更新（登记），上海的VLR会将你现在的位置报告到北京的HLR。当他人呼你时，交换机首先想HLR查询你现在所在的位置，然后接可以呼到你了。 

参考：

The HLR (Home Location Register) is a network database that stores and manages all details of each mobile phone subscriber that is registered in the corresponding GSM core network. Specifically, the HLR is the location register to which an MS identity is assigned for record purposes.

The VLR (Visitor Location Register) is a customer database that temporarily stores subscription information for the visiting customers (called roaming). While the VLR holds information on roaming, it holds information on all customers that use the system at the current time including those at home location.

The AuC (Authentication Center), commonly a part of the HLR, is a protected database that is used in the security data management for the authentication of subscribers. The secret key used in each SIM card is stored in the AuC.