HLR、VLR是什么?
HLR(home location register)保存的是用户的基本信息,如你的SIM的卡号、手机号码、签约信息等,和动态信息,如当前的位置、是否已经关机等;
VLR(visiting location register)保存的是用户的动态信息和状态信息,以及从HLR下载的用户的签约信息。
当你从北京到上海之后,手机会自动向上海的VLR发起位置更新(登记),上海的VLR会将你现在的位置报告到北京的HLR。当他人呼你时,交换机首先想HLR查询你现在所在的位置,然后接可以呼到你了。
参考:
The HLR (Home Location Register) is a network database that stores and manages all details of each mobile phone subscriber that is registered in the corresponding GSM core network. Specifically, the HLR is the location register to which an MS identity is assigned for record purposes.
The VLR (Visitor Location Register) is a customer database that temporarily stores subscription information for the visiting customers (called roaming). While the VLR holds information on roaming, it holds information on all customers that use the system at the current time including those at home location.
The AuC ( Authentication Center ), commonly a part of the HLR, is a protected database that is used in the security data management for the authentication of subscribers. The secret key used in each SIM card is stored in the AuC.
SS7在移动网络中的应用
虽然移动网络中,大部分的技术是涉及无线接口,然而某些部分的通信还是基于SS7系统的。例如,MAP(Mobile Application Part)协议定义了如何表现、操作以及控制用户信息,以实现诸如漫游,短消息等服务。还有如移动网络与固网之间的互联接是通过ISUP来实现等。 GSM MAP协议由ETSI撰写,并获得广泛的部署。它获得成功的原因之一是将手机与SIM卡分离。SIM卡中包含有IMSI信息(International Mobil Subscriber identity),IMSI被用于GSM网络的验证工作。
图9.1展示了GSM移动网络的架构