IPv6头部的设计是一个简洁的基本头部后面根据需要加上多种不同类型的扩展头部,这种设计可以将不常用的功能通过选择性的添加不同的扩展头部实现,从而在保证了基本头部的简洁和处理的快速性。以Linux2.6.28版本内核为例,IPv6扩展首部的定义在linux-2.6.28/include/linux/in6.h和linux-2.6.28/include/net/ipv6.h两个目录下,我们以添加一种IPPROTO_MY类型的扩展头为例:
1、在头文件中添加新类型扩展头的定义,在linux-2.6.28/include/linux/in6.h中
/*
* NextHeader field of IPv6 header
*/
#define NEXTHDR_HOP 0 /* Hop-by-hop option header. */
#define NEXTHDR_TCP 6 /* TCP segment. */
#define NEXTHDR_UDP 17 /* UDP message. */
#define NEXTHDR_IPV6 41 /* IPv6 in IPv6 */
#define NEXTHDR_ROUTING 43 /* Routing header. */
#define NEXTHDR_FRAGMENT 44 /* Fragmentation/reassembly header. */
#define NEXTHDR_ESP 50 /* Encapsulating security payload. */
#define NEXTHDR_AUTH 51 /* Authentication header. */
#define NEXTHDR_ICMP 58 /* ICMP for IPv6. */
#define NEXTHDR_NONE 59 /* No next header */
#define NEXTHDR_DEST