小米(MIUI)手机监听短信的两种解决方案

测试的系统为MIUI10和模拟器(Pixel 2 API 26)

应用场景：短信验证码自动填写等

方法1为监听系统短信数据库，但是存在一个问题，就是收到短信之后需要点击短信进入短信详情页面，才会触发广播。

方法2通过监听通知栏，根据发通知的应用包名锁定对应的短信应用，从而可以在收到短信的同时获取短信内容

两种方法在获取短信的时候都是只获取收到回调时最新的一条短信，因此不推荐方法1。

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首先需要获取对应的权限，高版本的系统需要写代码动态获取权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />

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1. 使用ContentObserver监听系统短信数据库更新
   1.1 实现代码

   • 监听短信数据库变化

     class SmsObserver extends ContentObserver {
         private Context context;
         public SmsObserver(Context context, Handler handler) {
             super(handler);
             this.context = context;
         }
         @Override
         public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
             super.onChange(selfChange);
             //每当有新短信到来时，获取短消息的方法
             getSmsFromPhone();
         }
         private void getSmsFromPhone() {
             ContentResolver cr = context.getContentResolver();
             String[] projection = new String[]{"_id", "body", "address"};//"_id", "address", "person",, "date", "type
             String where = " date >  "
                     + (System.currentTimeMillis() - 10 * 60 * 1000);//10分钟之内的短信
             Cursor cur = cr.query(Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"), projection, where, null, "date desc");
             if (null == cur)
                 return;
             try {
                 if (cur.moveToFirst()) {
                     String number = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("address"));//手机号
                     String body = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("body"));//内容
                 }
             } finally {
                 cur.close();
             }
         }
     }
     

   • 初始化监听

      val smsHandler: Handler = @SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
       object : Handler() { //这里可以进行回调的操作
           //TODO
       }
       smsObserver = SmsObserver(this, smsHandler)
       //监听短信
       applicationContext.contentResolver.registerContentObserver(
           Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"), true,
           smsObserver!!
       )
   

2. 使用NotificationListenerService监听系统通知栏数据更新
   2.1 实现代码

   • 继承NotificationListenerService（高版本的安卓系统需要在Service里面调用函数startForeground设置通知栏，否则会报错）

     class NotificationMonitor : NotificationListenerService() {
     
         private val match = arrayOf("com.android.mms", "com.google.android.apps.messaging") //暂时只有小米短信和谷歌短信的包名
     	// 有新的通知
         override fun onNotificationPosted(sbn: StatusBarNotification) {
             super.onNotificationPosted(sbn)
             Log.i(getString(R.string.app_name), sbn.packageName)
             if (sbn.packageName in match) {
                 Log.i(getString(R.string.app_name), "有新的短信")
                 getSmsFromPhone()
             }
         }
         
         private fun getSmsFromPhone() {
             val cr: ContentResolver = contentResolver
             val projection =
                 arrayOf("_id", "body", "address") //"_id", "address", "person",, "date", "type
             val where = (" date >  "
                     + (System.currentTimeMillis() - 10 * 60 * 1000))
             val cur =
                 cr.query(Uri.parse("content://sms"), projection, where, null, "date desc") ?: return
             cur.use { cur ->
                 if (cur.moveToFirst()) {
                     val number = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("address")) //手机号
                     val body = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("body")) //内容
                 }
             }
         }
         
         override fun onCreate() {
             super.onCreate()
             //设置通知栏
             if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
                 val channelId =
                     if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
                         createNotificationChannel(
                             "message_deliver_notification_service",
                             "MessageDeliver Background Service"
                         )
                     } else {
                         // If earlier version channel ID is not used
                         // https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/app/NotificationCompat.Builder.html#NotificationCompat.Builder(android.content.Context)
                         ""
                     }
     
                 val notificationBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId)
                 val notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
                     .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                     .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_MIN)
                     .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
                     .build()
                 startForeground(1, notification)
             }
         }
     
         @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
         private fun createNotificationChannel(channelId: String, channelName: String): String {
             val chan = NotificationChannel(
                 channelId,
                 channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE
             )
             chan.lightColor = Color.BLUE
             chan.lockscreenVisibility = Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE
             val service = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
             service.createNotificationChannel(chan)
             return channelId
         }
     
     }
     

   • 在AndroidManifest.xml的application标签里面注册Service

         <service
             android:name=".NotificationMonitor"
             android:label="@string/app_name"
             android:permission="android.permission.BIND_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SERVICE">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.service.notification.NotificationListenerService" />
             </intent-filter>
         </service>
     

   • 启动Service（这里由于安卓版本的不同，启动后台服务可以选择调用不同的函数）

     val notification = Intent(this, NotificationMonitor::class.java)
     if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
         this.startForegroundService(notification)
     } else {
         this.startService(notification)
     }
     

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