Java/Scala 类型检查与转换的使用

在编写Java/Scala脚本时，经常需要对数据类型进行判断或者转换。特将相关使用方法整理出来，方便以后查阅。

一、Java

1、检查某个对象是否属于某个给定的类：obj instanceof Class

class User {
    Long id;
}

class Person extends User {
    String name;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Object s1 = new User();
    Object s2 = new Person();

    System.out.println(s1 instanceof User);
    System.out.println(s1 instanceof Person);

    System.out.println(s2 instanceof User);
    System.out.println(s2 instanceof Person);
}

运行结果：

true
false
true
true

2、类型转换：Class (obj)

Object str = "test";
String s = (String) str;

3、检查某个对象是否指向某个给定的类，不包括其子类：

class User {
    Long id;
}

class Person extends User {
    String name;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Object s1 = new User();
    Object s2 = new Person();

    System.out.println(s1.getClass() == Person.class);
    System.out.println(s2.getClass() == Person.class);
}

运行结果：

false
true

二、Scala

1、检查某个对象是否属于某个给定的类：obj.isInstanceOf[Class]

object ScalaT1 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val s1 = new School()
    val s2 = new House()

    println(s1.isInstanceOf[School])
    println(s1.isInstanceOf[House])
    println(s2.isInstanceOf[School])
    println(s2.isInstanceOf[House])
  }
}

class School {}
class House extends School {}

运行结果：

true
false
true
true

2、类型转换：obj.asInstanceOf[Class]

object ScalaT1 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val s1 = new School()
    val s2 = new House()

    println(s1.asInstanceOf[School])
    println(s1.asInstanceOf[House]) // error: School cannot be cast to House
    println(s2.asInstanceOf[School])
    println(s2.asInstanceOf[House])
  }
}

class School {}
class House extends School {}

3、检查某个对象是否指向某个给定的类，不包括其子类：

object ScalaT1 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val s1 = new School()
    val s2 = new House()

    println(s1.getClass == classOf[School])
    println(s1.getClass == classOf[House])
    println(s2.getClass == classOf[School])
    println(s2.getClass == classOf[House])
  }
}

class School {}
class House extends School {}

运行结果：

true
false
false
true