题目:
Given a non-empty string s and a dictionary wordDict containing a list of non-empty words, add spaces in s to construct a sentence where each word is a valid dictionary word. You may assume the dictionary does not contain duplicate words.
Return all such possible sentences.
For example, given
s = "catsanddog"
,
dict = ["cat", "cats", "and", "sand", "dog"]
.
A solution is ["cats and dog", "cat sand dog"]
.
思路:
还是DFS,但是由于字符串中可能存在相同的子串,所以我们在DFS搜索的过程中还需要记忆已经找到的结果,这样可以大大提高效率(否则过不了大数据)。在DFS的搜索过程中,我们首先判断其前i个字符所构成的子字符串是否存在于字典中,如果是,再递归地搜索从i之后的子串所能构成的结果数组;递归完成之后的关键一步就是合成结果,也就是将前i个字符所构成的子字符串和递归返回的结果合并起来,作为最终结果。当然在返回之前不能忘记把它放在哈希列表中。
代码:
class Solution {
public:
vector<string> wordBreak(string s, unordered_set<string>& wordDict) {
return dfs(s, wordDict);
}
private:
vector<string> dfs(string s, unordered_set<string>& wordDict) {
if(hash.count(s) > 0) {
return hash[s];
}
vector<string> ret;
if(wordDict.count(s) > 0) {
ret.push_back(s);
}
for(int i = 1; i < s.length(); ++i) {
string first = s.substr(0, i);
if(wordDict.count(first) > 0) {
vector<string> ans = dfs(s.substr(i), wordDict);
for(auto val : ans) {
ret.push_back(first + " " + val);
}
}
}
hash[s] = ret;
return ret;
}
unordered_map<string, vector<string>> hash;
};