[Leetcode] 817. Linked List Components 解题报告

题目：

We are given head, the head node of a linked list containing unique integer values.

We are also given the list G, a subset of the values in the linked list.

Return the number of connected components in G, where two values are connected if they appear consecutively in the linked list.

Example 1:

Input: 
head: 0->1->2->3
G = [0, 1, 3]
Output: 2
Explanation: 
0 and 1 are connected, so [0, 1] and [3] are the two connected components.

Example 2:

Input: 
head: 0->1->2->3->4
G = [0, 3, 1, 4]
Output: 2
Explanation: 
0 and 1 are connected, 3 and 4 are connected, so [0, 1] and [3, 4] are the two connected components.

Note:

• If N is the length of the linked list given by head, 1 <= N <= 10000.
• The value of each node in the linked list will be in the range [0, N - 1].
• 1 <= G.length <= 10000.
• G is a subset of all values in the linked list.

思路：

我们顺次检查链表中的节点是否出现在G中，如果出现了，则增加一个统计，并连续跟踪直到当前的连续序列结束。这样遍历完成一遍列表，就可以获得预期答案。

为了加速查找，我们将G中的元素放入哈希表中，这样可以将算法的时间复杂度降低到O(n)，其中n是链表的长度。算法的空间复杂度则为O(m)，其中m是G中元素的个数。由题意易知m < n。

代码：

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    int numComponents(ListNode* head, vector<int>& G) {
        unordered_set<int> hash;
        for (int &g : G) {
            hash.insert(g);
        }
        ListNode *node = head;
        int ans = 0;
        while (node != NULL) {
            if (hash.count(node->val) > 0) {
                ++ans;
                while (node != NULL && hash.count(node->val) > 0) {
                    node = node->next;
                }
            }
            if (node != NULL) {
                node = node->next;
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
};