【Redis】四 数据类型 String

【Redis】四 数据类型 String

一个键最多存储 512 MB

get / set

set key value [ex seconds / px milliseconds / nx /xx ]同名key覆盖 




127.0.0.1:6379> set test 'this is a test'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"this is a test"
127.0.0.1:6379> set test 'this is a aaaaaa'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"this is a aaaaaa"
127.0.0.1:6379> 


##无key返回nil
127.0.0.1:6379> get notkey
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> 

getset

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 'test'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"test"
127.0.0.1:6379> getset test 'cccc'
"test"
127.0.0.1:6379> getset notkey  'notkey'
(nil)

gettrange key start end 截取

127.0.0.1:6379> getrange test 0 3
"this"
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"this is a test"
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange test 0 -1
"this is a test"
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange test 0 -2
"this is a tes"
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange test 0 -3
"this is a te"
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange test -4 -1
"test"

setrange key offset value 设置偏移量

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 'hello test'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"hello test"
127.0.0.1:6379> setrange test 6 'world'
(integer) 11
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"hello world"
127.0.0.1:6379> strlen test
(integer) 11

//如Key原字符长度小于偏移量 , 会以\x00填充
127.0.0.1:6379> exists notkey48349
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setrange notkey48349 5 'world'
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379> get notkey48349
"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00world"

mset/mget key value [key value … ] 批量设置/ 读取

127.0.0.1:6379> mset t1 1 t2 2
OK

127.0.0.1:6379> mget t1  t2 
1) "1"
2) "2"

127.0.0.1:6379> mget t1  t2 t3 t4
1) "1"
2) "2"
3) (nil)
4) (nil)

strlen key 长度

127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"cccc"
127.0.0.1:6379> strlen test
(integer) 4

127.0.0.1:6379> strlen notkey321
(integer) 0

exists 判断key是否存在

127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"hello world"
127.0.0.1:6379> exists test
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> exists notkey48349
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> 

setnx 当Key不存在,才成功

127.0.0.1:6379> 
127.0.0.1:6379> exists notkey98345
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setnx notkey98345 'notkey98345'
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> setnx notkey98345 'notkey98345'
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> get notkey98345
"notkey98345"

setex key 多少秒时间过期

原子操作 set key / expire key seconds

当 key 不存在时，返回 -2 。 当 key 存在但没有设置剩余生存时间时，返回 -1 。 否则，以毫秒为单位，返回 key 的剩余生存时间。
注意：在 Redis 2.8 以前，当 key 不存在，或者 key 没有设置剩余生存时间时，命令都返回 -1 。
127.0.0.1:6379> setex test 60 'test'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"test"
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 43
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 40
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 14
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
(nil)

setex key 原子操作 相当于 set key / expire key seconds

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 'test'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> expire test 10
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl test
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> get tst
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
(nil)

msetnx key不存在成功 原子性

127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx t5 't5' t6 't6'
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get t5
"t5"
127.0.0.1:6379> get t6
"t6"
127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx t5 't5' t6 't6'
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx t5 't5' t6 't6' t7 't7'
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> exists t7
(integer) 0

psetex 毫秒 key 生命周期

127.0.0.1:6379> psetex hello 20000 'hello world'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl hello
(integer) 17672
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl hello
(integer) 12
127.0.0.1:6379> exists hello
(integer) 0

参数

command	explain
ex seconds	过期时间 set key value ex seconds 等同 setex
px milliseconds	毫秒过期时间 set key value px milliseconds 等同 psetex
nx	key不存在 才设置成功 set key value nx 等同 setnx
xx	key已经存在才成功

127.0.0.1:6379> set t93 'hello world' ex 100 nx 
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get t93
"hello world"
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl t93
(integer) 85

ex px 后者覆盖前者

127.0.0.1:6379> set t94 't94' ex 100 px 30000
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl t94
(integer) 25
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl t94
(integer) 22
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl t94
(integer) 19
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl t94
(integer) 14
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl t94
(integer) 8532
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl t94
(integer) 5710
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl t94
(integer) 4286
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl t94
(integer) 1078
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl t94
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> pttl t94
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl t94
(integer) -2

incr 自增

127.0.0.1:6379> set count 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get count
"1"
127.0.0.1:6379> incr count
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> incr count
(integer) 3

// 当key不纯在
127.0.0.1:6379> exists number 
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> incr number
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get number
"1"

//原key值不是数值
127.0.0.1:6379> set test 'txt'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> incr test
(error) ERR value is not an integer or out of range
127.0.0.1:6379> 

incrby 指定增加量

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 0
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> incrby test 5
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"5"
127.0.0.1:6379> incrby test -5
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"0"

//浮点数异常
127.0.0.1:6379> incrby test 1.1
(error) ERR value is not an integer or out of range

incrbyfloat 可以设置整数

127.0.0.1:6379> incrbyfloat  test 1.1
"1.1"
127.0.0.1:6379> incrbyfloat  test 1.1
"2.2"
127.0.0.1:6379> incrbyfloat  test 1.1
"3.3"
127.0.0.1:6379> incrbyfloat  test 1.1
"4.4"
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"4.4"
//整数
127.0.0.1:6379> incrbyfloat test 7
"11.4"

decr

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 7
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> decr test
(integer) 6

decrby

127.0.0.1:6379> set test 19
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> decr test
(integer) 18
127.0.0.1:6379> decrby  test 3
(integer) 15
127.0.0.1:6379> decrby  test 3.3
(error) ERR value is not an integer or out of range

无decrbyfloat

append

127.0.0.1:6379> set test '1'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> append test '23'
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"123"



127.0.0.1:6379> exists notkey89983
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> append notkey89983 '_'
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get notkey89983
"_"

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Hash

List

127.0.0.1:6379> lpush t1 a b c 
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> 


## key不是string会error
127.0.0.1:6379> get t1
(error) WRONGTYPE Operation against a key holding the wrong kind of value
127.0.0.1:6379> 

Set

Zset