【实例1】example01:
FileHelloStr类
package com.coderdream.spring;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
/**
* 基于文件形式,读取 HelloWorld 所需的字符串
*
* @author CoderDream
*
*/
public class FileHelloStr {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(FileHelloStr.class);
private String propfilename;
public FileHelloStr(String propfilename) {
this.propfilename = propfilename;
}
public String getContent() {
String helloworld = "";
try {
Properties prop = new Properties();
InputStream is = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(
propfilename);
prop.load(is);
is.close();
helloworld = prop.getProperty("helloworld");
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
log.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
log.error(ex);
}
return helloworld;
}
}
HelloWorld类:
package com.coderdream.spring;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
/**
* 获得 HelloWorld 字符串
*
* @author CoderDream
*
*/
public class HelloWorld {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorld.class);
public String getContent() {
FileHelloStr fhStr = new FileHelloStr("helloworld.properties");
String helloworld = fhStr.getContent();
return helloworld;
}
}
HelloWorldClient类,实现对HelloWorld类的调用:
package com.coderdream.spring;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
/**
* HelloWorld 客户应用
*
* @author CoderDream
*
*/
public class HelloWorldClient {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorldClient.class);
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
HelloWorld hw = new HelloWorld();
log.info(hw.getContent());
}
}
HelloWorld.properties文件:
helloworld="Hello World!"
build.xml:(注意,如果工程为UTF-8,则build.xml的编码格式要设置为UTF-8,否则会以本地格式编译,如果为繁体中文OS,则编码格式为MS950,如果Java文件中有简体中文字符,则编译会出错! )
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <project name="example01" default="run" basedir="."> <path id="lib"> <fileset dir="F:/Java/MasterSpringLib"> <include name="commons-logging-1.1.1.jar" /> </fileset> </path> <target name="run" depends="compile" description="Run HelloWorldClient"> <java classname="com.coderdream.spring.HelloWorldClient" fork="yes"> <classpath refid="lib" /> <classpath path="classes" /> </java> </target> <target name="compile"> <mkdir dir="classes" /> <javac destdir="classes" source="1.5" target="1.5" deprecation="false" optimize="false" failοnerrοr="true"> <src path="src" /> <classpath refid="lib" /> </javac> <copy todir="classes"> <fileset dir="src"> <include name="HelloWorld.properties" /> </fileset> </copy> </target> </project>
通过Ant build.xml 文件的 run 任务,输出如下信息:
Buildfile: C:\Documents and Settings\XL\workspace\example01\build.xml compile: [javac] Compiling 1 source file to C:\Documents and Settings\XL\workspace\example01\classes run: [java] 2008/10/13 下午 03:50:32 com.coderdream.spring.HelloWorldClient main [java] 資訊: "Hello World!" BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 second
【实例2】example02
对“实例1”进行重构:
【1】、创建 HelloStr 接口,该接口包含getContent()方法的声明;
【2】、类 FileHelloStr 实现 HelloStr 接口;
【3】、重构 HelloWorld 类;
public class HelloWorld {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorld.class);
private HelloStr hStr;
public HelloWorld(HelloStr hStr) {
this.hStr = hStr;
}
public String getContent() {
return hStr.getContent();
}
}
【4】、重构 HelloWorldClient 客户应用;
public class HelloWorldClient {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorldClient.class);
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
FileHelloStr fhStr = new FileHelloStr("HelloWorld.properties");
HelloWorld hw = new HelloWorld(fhStr);
log.info(hw.getContent());
}
}
【实例3】:example03
在“实例2”的基础上完成如下重构:
【1】、创建 HelloWorldFactory 工厂:
package com.coderdream.spring;
/**
* 注入 HelloWorld 和 HelloStr 依赖性
*
* @author CoderDream
*
*/
public class HelloWorldFactory {
public static HelloWorld getFileHelloWorld() {
HelloStr hStr = new FileHelloStr("HelloWorld.properties");
HelloWorld hw = new HelloWorld(hStr);
return hw;
}
}
【2】重构 HelloWorldClient 客户应用;
public class HelloWorldClient {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorldClient.class);
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
HelloWorld hw = HelloWorldFactory.getFileHelloWorld();
log.info(hw.getContent());
}
}
其中,工厂负责创建和集成客户应用所需的对象,至此,通过借助于依赖注入(工厂类)实现控制反转。
【实例4】example04
在“实例3”的基础上完成如下重构:
【1】增加 Spring 配置文件 appcontent.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean name="fileHelloWorld" class="com.coderdream.spring.HelloWorld"> <constructor-arg> <ref bean="fileHello" /> </constructor-arg> </bean> <bean name="fileHello" class="com.coderdream.spring.FileHelloStr"> <constructor-arg> <value>HelloWorld.properties</value> </constructor-arg> </bean> </beans>
【2】重构 HelloWorldClient 客户应用:
public class HelloWorldClient {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorldClient.class);
public HelloWorldClient() {
Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("appcontext.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
HelloWorld hw = (HelloWorld)factory.getBean("fileHelloWorld");
log.info(hw.getContent());
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
new HelloWorldClient();
}
}
【3】更新build.xml中的内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="example01" default="run" basedir="."> <path id="lib"> <fileset dir="F:/Java/MasterSpringLib"> <include name="commons-logging-1.1.1.jar" /> <include name="spring.jar" /> </fileset> </path> <target name="run" depends="compile" description="Run HelloWorldClient"> <java classname="com.coderdream.spring.HelloWorldClient" fork="yes"> <classpath refid="lib" /> <classpath path="classes" /> </java> </target> <target name="compile"> <mkdir dir="classes" /> <javac destdir="classes" source="1.5" target="1.5" deprecation="false" optimize="false" failοnerrοr="true"> <src path="src" /> <classpath refid="lib" /> </javac> <copy todir="classes"> <fileset dir="src"> <include name="HelloWorld.properties" /> <include name="appcontext.xml" /> </fileset> </copy> </target> </project>
运行结果:
Buildfile: C:\Documents and Settings\XL\workspace\example04\build.xml compile: run: [java] 2008/10/13 下午 04:06:52 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions [java] 資訊: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [appcontext.xml] [java] 2008/10/13 下午 04:06:52 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory getBean [java] 資訊: Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'fileHelloWorld' [java] 2008/10/13 下午 04:06:52 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory getBean [java] 資訊: Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'fileHello' [java] 2008/10/13 下午 04:06:52 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory autowireConstructor [java] 資訊: Bean 'fileHello' instantiated via constructor [public com.coderdream.spring.FileHelloStr(java.lang.String)] [java] 2008/10/13 下午 04:06:52 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory autowireConstructor [java] 資訊: Bean 'fileHelloWorld' instantiated via constructor [public com.coderdream.spring.HelloWorld(com.coderdream.spring.HelloStr)] [java] 2008/10/13 下午 04:06:52 com.coderdream.spring.HelloWorldClient <init> [java] 資訊: "Hello World!" BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 891 milliseconds
通过Spring输出信息可知,工程创建了两个单实例的HelloWorld 和 FileHelloStr,即 Spring 默认时仅创建单实例的 JavaBean,通过 Spring 配置文件中 bean 元素的 singleton 属性能够控制创建 Java 实例的方式。
源代码运行:
在F盘新增F:\Java\MasterSpringLib文件夹,将commons-logging-1.1.1.jar和spring.jar拷贝到此目录中。