rman输出信息解释及表空间备份与在线恢复

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rman输出信息解释及表空间备份与在线恢复

一 ，[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Apr 2 16:07:33 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SHPOG1 (DBID=799280029)
rman 输出的信息
RMAN> show all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name SHPOG1 are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 7; #备份后保留几份，默认1份，可以修改
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default #设置备份优化
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default #设置备份到磁盘，默认是备份到磁盘
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; #设置备份控制文件，默认是关闭
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ‘/oracle.bacup/control/cf_%F’; #设置备份控制文件路径和格式
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default #备份类型，默认是备份集
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default #备份集的个数，里面包括数据，控制，参数
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default #备份归档的路径
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT ‘/oracle.bacup/%d_%s_%T.bak’; #控制文件备份路径
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default #备份集大小
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default #加密
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM ‘AES128’; # default #加密类型
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM ‘BASIC’ AS OF RELEASE ‘DEFAULT’ OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default #备份压缩
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default #归档删除策略
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO ‘/oracle/app/product/11.2/db/dbs/snapcf_shpog1.f’; # default #备份控制文件快照

RMAN> list backup;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets #列表

编号 全备类型 备份大小 备份到磁盘 备份用的时间 备份时间
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
——- —- – ———- ———– ———— —————
1 Full 1.07G DISK 00:03:47 18-MAR-17 >>>>>>>>> #全备–大小1.07G—备份到磁盘–用时间–备份时间
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170318T040731 >>>>>>>>>#备份篇–备份状态–备份压缩–标签
Piece Name: /oracle/app/product/11.2/db/dbs/01rvdlk4_1_1 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>#篇名字–备份路径
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name

1 Full 1027269 18-MAR-17 /oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/system01.dbf
2 Full 1027269 18-MAR-17 /oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1027269 18-MAR-17 /oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1027269 18-MAR-17 /oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/users01.dbf
5 Full 1027269 18-MAR-17 /oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/example01.dbf
6 Full 1027269 18-MAR-17 /oracle/oracle_tablespace/zhou01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

2 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 18-MAR-17
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170318T041310
Piece Name: /oracle/app/product/11.2/db/dbs/03rvdm22_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 18-MAR-17
SPFILE db_unique_name: SHPOG1
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1027584 Ckp time: 18-MAR-17

二，创建用户和表空间
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Apr 2 16:21:28 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
(1)创建表空间
SQL> create tablespace hai datafile ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’ size 100m autoextend on;

Tablespace created.

(2)创建用户及给默认表空间
SQL> create user hai identified by hai default tablespace hai;

User created.

(3)给用户权限
SQL> grant connect,resource to hai;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant dba to hai;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

三，rman备份
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Apr 2 19:06:49 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SHPOG1 (DBID=799280029)
（1）全备
RMAN> backup database format ‘/oracle.bacup/%u.bak’;
Starting backup at 02-APR-17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1713 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set #通道全备数据文件
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set #备份数据文件是下面input
input datafile file number=00006 name=/oracle/oracle_tablespace/zhou01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/rman_tbs.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-APR-17 #通道启用时间
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-APR-17 #通道结束时间
piece handle=/oracle.bacup/0ds0ms3i.bak tag=TAG20170402T190938 comment=NONE #备份篇 #tag=TAG20170402T190938是标签
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:11:26 #备份篇时间
Finished backup at 02-APR-17

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-APR-17 #参数文件备份
piece handle=/oracle.bacup/control/cf_c-799280029-20170402-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-APR-17

（3）备份表空间
RMAN> backup tablespace hai format ‘/oracle.bacup/tablespace/%u.bak’;

Starting backup at 02-APR-17
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00008 name=/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-APR-17
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-APR-17
piece handle=/oracle.bacup/tablespace/0gs0mvs0.bak tag=TAG20170402T201351 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 02-APR-17

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-APR-17
piece handle=/oracle.bacup/control/cf_c-799280029-20170402-02 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-APR-17

RMAN> exit

（4）删除数据文件
[root@oracle1 shpog1]# ll
total 9919560
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Apr 2 20:14 control01.ctl
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Apr 2 20:14 control02.ctl
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 2 19:09 example01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 2 20:13 hai01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo01.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 20:14 redo02.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo03.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo04.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo05.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 5368717312 Apr 2 19:09 rman_tbs.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 20:05 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 19:56 system01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 40902656 Apr 2 15:35 temp01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 19:45 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 19:09 users01.dbf
[root@oracle1 shpog1]# rm -rf hai01.dbf
[root@oracle1 shpog1]#
[root@oracle1 shpog1]#
[root@oracle1 shpog1]# ll
total 9817148
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Apr 2 20:14 control01.ctl
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Apr 2 20:14 control02.ctl
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 2 19:09 example01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo01.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 20:14 redo02.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo03.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo04.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Apr 2 15:35 redo05.log
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 5368717312 Apr 2 19:09 rman_tbs.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 20:05 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 19:56 system01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 40902656 Apr 2 15:35 temp01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 19:45 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Apr 2 19:09 users01.dbf
（5）关闭数据库
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Apr 2 20:15:13 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> shudown immdeiated
SP2-0734: unknown command beginning “shudown im…” - rest of line ignored.
SQL> shutdown immediated;
SP2-0717: illegal SHUTDOWN option
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 8
ORA-01110: data file 8: ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 8
ORA-01110: data file 8: ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL>
关闭数据库强制关
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>

（6）起数据库少了 8号数据库文件，数据库起不起来 》》’/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1586708480 bytes
Fixed Size 2213736 bytes
Variable Size 1191184536 bytes
Database Buffers 385875968 bytes
Redo Buffers 7434240 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 8 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 8: ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’

（7）数据库状态
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS

shpog1 MOUNTED

SQL> alter tablespace datafile ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’ offline;
alter tablespace datafile ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’ offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02142: missing or invalid ALTER TABLESPACE option

四，在线恢复丢失的数据库文件
数据库文件恢复将数据文件offline,
SQL> alter database datafile ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’ offline;

Database altered.
先将数据库open

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> exit
（1）rman 进行恢复
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Apr 2 20:54:45 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SHPOG1 (DBID=799280029)

RMAN> restore datafile 8;

Starting restore at 02-APR-17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1710 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle.bacup/tablespace/0gs0mvs0.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle.bacup/tablespace/0gs0mvs0.bak tag=TAG20170402T201351
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 02-APR-17

RMAN> recover datafile 8;

Starting recover at 02-APR-17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1705 device type=DISK

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 02-APR-17
RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.
（2）在将丢失的数据文件 online
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Apr 2 20:58:35 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> alter database datafile ‘/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf’ online;

Database altered.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
[oracle@oracle1 ~] ll/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf−rw−r—–1oracleoinstall104865792Apr220:59/oracle/app/oradata/shpog1/hai01.dbf[oracle@oracle1 ] 已经恢复回来
-bash: 已经恢复回来: command not found
[oracle@oracle1 ~] [oracle@oracle1 ] sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Apr 2 21:03:27 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> select * from hai.feng;

    ID NAME

     2 haifeng
     3 haifeng2
     4 haifeng3
     5 haifeng4
     6 haifeng5
     7 haifeng5
     8 haifeng6
     9 haifeng8
    10 haifeng8

9 rows selected.

SQL> select * from hai.feng2;
SP2-0734: unknown command beginning “色ect…” - rest of line ignored.
SQL> select * from hai.feng2;

    ID NAME

     2 haifeng
     3 haifeng2
     4 haifeng3
     5 haifeng4
     6 haifeng5
     7 haifeng5
     8 haifeng6
     9 haifeng8
    10 haifeng8

9 rows selected.

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