Spring实战（第4版） Spring Inaction 笔记(第五章）Spring MVC

web app 与application的区别就在于pom.xml中的一行 

<packaging>war</packaging>

传统WebApp一切开始于web.xml,

web.xml 的配置请看http://blog.csdn.net/believejava/article/details/43229361

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

import spittr.web.WebConfig;

public class SpitterWebInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

  //需要ContextLoaderListener需要加载的bean类似下面的XML，加载其他的所有bean,一般是中间层或者数据层组件
//      <context-param>
//        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
//        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml,classpath:daoContext.xml</param-value>
//    </context-param>
  @Override
  protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
    return new Class<?>[] { RootConfig.class };
  }

  //加载定义在WebConfig类中的各种bean等，类似下面的XML，主要加载控制器，视图解析器，处理器映射，
//      <servlet>
//        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
//        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
//        <init-param>
//            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
//            <param-value>classpath:mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
//        </init-param>
//        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
//    </servlet>
  @Override
  protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
    return new Class<?>[] { WebConfig.class };
  }

//  等同于
//   <servlet-mapping>
//        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
//        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
//    </servlet-mapping>
  @Override
  protected String[] getServletMappings() {
    return new String[] { "/" };
  }

}

web.xml可以和这个类共存，但建议该类取代web.xml

WebConfig内容如下

@Configuration
//等价于<mvc:annotation-driven>,即启用Spring MVC
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("spittr.web")  //启用组件扫描
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

  //启用jsp视图解析器，这样比如某个Controller返回home。就自动变成/WEB-INF/views/home.jsp
  @Bean
  public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
    InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
    resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
    resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    return resolver;
  }
  //配置静态资源的处理
  @Override
  public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
    configurer.enable();
  }


  @Override
  public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.addResourceHandlers(registry);
  }
}

RootConfig 把自身排除了

@Configuration
@Import(DataConfig.class)
//设置WebPackage类不被自动扫描
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"spittr"}, 
    excludeFilters={
        @Filter(type=FilterType.CUSTOM, value=WebPackage.class)
    })
public class RootConfig {
  public static class WebPackage extends RegexPatternTypeFilter {
    public WebPackage() {
      super(Pattern.compile("spittr\\.web"));
    }    
  }
}

DataConfig展示了如何生成一个内存数据库的技巧，使用jdbc

@Configuration
public class DataConfig {

  @Bean
  public DataSource dataSource() {
    return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
            .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2)
            .addScript("schema.sql")
            .build();
  }
  
  @Bean
  public JdbcOperations jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
    return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
  }

}

对这个数据库的操作也非常简单

@Repository
public class JdbcSpitterRepository implements SpitterRepository {
  
  private JdbcOperations jdbc;

  @Autowired
  public JdbcSpitterRepository(JdbcOperations jdbc) {
    this.jdbc = jdbc;
  }

  public Spitter save(Spitter spitter) {
    jdbc.update(
        "insert into Spitter (username, password, first_name, last_name, email)" +
        " values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
        spitter.getUsername(),
        spitter.getPassword(),
        spitter.getFirstName(),
        spitter.getLastName(),
        spitter.getEmail());
    return spitter; // TODO: Determine value for id
  }

  public Spitter findByUsername(String username) {
    return jdbc.queryForObject(
        "select id, username, null, first_name, last_name, email from Spitter where username=?", 
        new SpitterRowMapper(), 
        username);
  }
  
  private static class SpitterRowMapper implements RowMapper<Spitter> {
    public Spitter mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
      return new Spitter(
          rs.getLong("id"),
          rs.getString("username"),
          null,
          rs.getString("first_name"),
          rs.getString("last_name"),
          rs.getString("email"));
    }
  }

}

对Controller的技巧展示有如下几种

//相同路径的映射，返回home.jsp
@Controller
@RequestMapping({"/", "/myhomepage"})
public class HomeController {

  @RequestMapping(method = GET)
  public String home(Model model) {
    return "home";
  }

}

保存数据库，重定向，参数传递的基本用法如下

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/spittles")
public class SpittleController {

  private static final String MAX_LONG_AS_STRING = "9223372036854775807";
  
  private SpittleRepository spittleRepository;

  @Autowired
  public SpittleController(SpittleRepository spittleRepository) {
    this.spittleRepository = spittleRepository;
  }

  @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
  public List<Spittle> spittles(
      @RequestParam(value="max", defaultValue=MAX_LONG_AS_STRING) long max,
      @RequestParam(value="count", defaultValue="20") int count) {
    return spittleRepository.findSpittles(max, count);
  }

  @RequestMapping(value="/{spittleId}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
  public String spittle(
      @PathVariable("spittleId") long spittleId, 
      Model model) {
    model.addAttribute(spittleRepository.findOne(spittleId));
    return "spittle";
  }
//保存数据库，以及重定向的操作
  @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
  public String saveSpittle(SpittleForm form, Model model) throws Exception {
    spittleRepository.save(new Spittle(null, form.getMessage(), new Date(), 
        form.getLongitude(), form.getLatitude()));
    return "redirect:/spittles";
  }

}