启动ApplicationContext时出错。若要显示条件报告,请在启用“调试”的情况下重新运行应用程序

在启动Spring Boot应用时遇到ApplicationContext启动错误,提示需在调试模式下重新运行以显示条件报告。错误涉及'customerServiceImpl'的依赖问题,具体为'baseMapper'字段的不满足。问题源于mapper扫描未包含所有层级,通过调整启动类扫描配置,确保扫描到主路径下的所有mapper,从而解决问题。

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with ‘debug’ enabled

在启动springboot项目,突然报以下错误:

2020-08-10 15:54:41.570  WARN 16212 --- [  restartedMain] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customerServiceImpl': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'baseMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.huang.layuimcsmb.bus.mapper.CustomerMapper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
2020-08-10 15:54:41.573  INFO 16212 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2020-08-10 15:54:41.606  INFO 16212 --- [  restartedMain] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener : 

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2020-08-10 15:54:41.765 ERROR 16212 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application run failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customerServiceImpl': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'baseMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.huang.layuimcsmb.bus.mapper.CustomerMapper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:643) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:130) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1422) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:594) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:893) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:879) ~[spring-context-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:551) ~[spring-context-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758) [spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:750) [spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237) [spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
	at com.huang.layuimcsmb.LayuimcsMbApplication.main(LayuimcsMbApplication.java:11) [classes/:na]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
	at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) [spring-boot-devtools-2.3.1.RELEASE.jar:2.3.1.RELEASE]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.huang.layuimcsmb.bus.mapper.CustomerMapper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1714) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1270) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1224) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:640) ~[spring-beans-5.2.7.RELEASE.jar:5.2.7.RELEASE]
	... 25 common frames omitted

因为我自己用的是mabatisplus的自动生成代码一键生成的。总体结构如下:
我的结构图
错误说的我 ‘customerServiceImpl’ 出错了,我去检查,并未出现任何错误,与我之前的几乎一样(之前并没有出错),因为刚生成,未写任何代码。
在这里插入图片描述
多次检查发现,说我并没有满足
unsatisfied dependency expressed through field ‘baseMapper’;
字段“baseMapper”表示的不满足的依赖关系;

随后检查启动类的mapper.发现了问题,我们常常喜欢将所有的层级都放在一个包下,所有启动类扫描包时,由于我个人将系统模块和业务模块分不同的包,所以没有扫描到。

在这里插入图片描述

解决办法

在这里插入图片描述

sys改成 * 这样就能扫描到主路径下的所有mapper了

<think>我们遇到的问题是:运行主应用类后,事件日志显示“无法检索应用程序 Bean 快照: :application=*”,这可能意味着Spring Boot应用在启动过程中未能正确初始化或配置存在问题。以下将详细分析并解决此问题。 ## 问题分析 1. **Bean快照(Bean Snapshot)**:通常与Spring Boot的Bean加载过程有关,可能是在创建应用上下文出错。 2. **常见原因**: - 配置错误(如错误的属性文件、缺少配置) - 依赖缺失或版本冲突 - Bean循环依赖 - 启动类扫描不到Bean(包路径问题) - 数据库连接失败(如果使用了数据源) ## 解决方案 ### 步骤1:检查基本配置 确保主应用类位于根包(root package)下,并且使用`@SpringBootApplication`注解。检查包结构是否正确,确保其他组件(如Controller、Service、Repository)都在主应用类所在包或其子包下。 ```java package com.example.warehouse; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class WarehouseApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(WarehouseApplication.class, args); } } ``` ### 步骤2:检查依赖 确保`pom.xml`或`build.gradle`文件中的依赖正确,特别是Spring Boot Starter依赖。检查是否有版本冲突。 #### Maven 示例 (pom.xml) ```xml <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>3.1.5</version> <!-- 使用最新稳定版本 --> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <!-- 其他依赖 --> </dependencies> ``` ### 步骤3:检查配置属性 检查`application.properties`或`application.yml`文件是否正确,特别是数据库连接配置(如果使用数据库)。 #### application.yml 示例 ```yaml spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/warehouse_db?serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: yourpassword driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jpa: hibernate: ddl-auto: update properties: hibernate: dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect ``` ### 步骤4:添加日志配置 在`application.yml`中添加日志配置,以便查看更详细的启动错误信息。 ```yaml logging: level: root: INFO org.springframework: DEBUG com.example.warehouse: DEBUG ``` ### 步骤5:检查循环依赖 如果存在循环依赖,Spring Boot启动会失败。可以通过构造器注入代替字段注入来避免循环依赖。例如: ```java @Service public class OrderService { private final ProductService productService; // 使用构造器注入 public OrderService(ProductService productService) { this.productService = productService; } } ``` ### 步骤6:使用Spring Boot Actuator检查健康状况(可选) 添加Actuator依赖,然后通过`/actuator/health`端点检查应用健康状况。 ```xml <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> ``` 在`application.yml`中配置: ```yaml management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: health,info ``` ### 步骤7:创建最小可复现环境 如果问题仍然存在,尝试创建一个最小可复现的环境: 1. 只保留主应用类和一个简单的Rest控制器。 2. 逐步添加依赖和配置,直到问题重现。 ```java @RestController public class TestController { @GetMapping("/test") public String test() { return "Hello World"; } } ``` ## 错误排查示例代码 在主应用类中添加一个`CommandLineRunner`,用于检查Bean是否加载成功: ```java @SpringBootApplication public class WarehouseApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(WarehouseApplication.class, args); checkBeans(context); } private static void checkBeans(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { System.out.println("检查Bean定义:"); String[] beanNames = context.getBeanDefinitionNames(); Arrays.sort(beanNames); for (String beanName : beanNames) { System.out.println(beanName); } System.out.println("Bean总数: " + beanNames.length); } } ``` ## 常见错误及解决方案 | 错误类型 | 表现 | 解决方案 | |----------|------|----------| | 配置错误 | 数据库连接失败,错误的URL | 检查数据库URL、用户名、密码 | | 依赖缺失 | ClassNotFoundException | 检查pom.xml中的依赖 | | 包扫描问题 | Bean未创建 | 确保组件在主应用类所在包或子包下,或使用`@ComponentScan` | | 循环依赖 | BeanCurrentlyInCreationException | 使用构造器注入或`@Lazy`注解 | | 版本冲突 | 方法不存在或类加载错误 | 使用Maven的`dependency:tree`检查依赖冲突 | ## 总结 “无法检索应用程序Bean快照”通常是由于Spring Boot应用上下文初始化失败引起的。通过逐步检查配置、依赖、包结构和日志,通常可以定位问题。建议从最小配置开始逐步添加组件,以便快速定位问题。 §§相关问题§§: 1. 如何解决Spring Boot中的循环依赖问题? 2. 如何在Spring Boot中配置多环境属性文件? 3. Spring Boot启动数据库连接失败如何排查? 4. 如何使用Maven检查依赖冲突? </think># 解决 "无法检索应用程序 Bean 快照" 错误 当运行 Spring Boot 应用出现 "无法检索应用程序 Bean 快照" 的错误信息,这通常表示 Spring 容器在启动过程中遇到了问题。以下是全面的解决方案: ## 问题原因分析 1. **Bean 创建失败**:Spring 容器无法创建某个 Bean 2. **配置错误**:错误的配置文件或属性值 3. **依赖问题**:缺失依赖或版本冲突 4. **包扫描问题**:Spring 无法找到组件类 5. **循环依赖**:Bean 之间存在循环依赖关系 6. **资源加载问题**:无法加载配置文件或资源 ## 解决方案 ### 1. 检查基本配置 ```java // src/main/java/com/example/WarehouseApplication.java package com.example; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; // 确保使用了 @SpringBootApplication 注解 @SpringBootApplication public class WarehouseApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { // 添加异常处理以获取更多信息 try { SpringApplication.run(WarehouseApplication.class, args); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` ### 2. 添加详细的日志配置 在 `application.yml` 中添加日志配置: ```yaml # src/main/resources/application.yml logging: level: root: INFO org.springframework: DEBUG org.hibernate: DEBUG com.example: TRACE pattern: console: "%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level [%thread] %logger{36} - %msg%n" ``` ### 3. 检查包扫描范围 确保组件在正确的包结构中: ``` src/main/java/ └── com └── example ├── WarehouseApplication.java ├── controller │ └── ProductController.java ├── service │ └── ProductService.java ├── repository │ └── ProductRepository.java └── model └── Product.java ``` 如果组件不在 `com.example` 或其子包中,添加显式扫描配置: ```java @SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = { "com.example", "com.otherpackage" // 添加其他需要扫描的包 }) ``` ### 4. 检查依赖冲突 在终端运行依赖树分析: ```bash # Maven 项目 mvn dependency:tree > dependencies.txt # Gradle 项目 gradle dependencies > dependencies.txt ``` 检查输出中是否有版本冲突,特别是 Spring Boot 相关的依赖。 ### 5. 创建诊断端点 添加一个诊断控制器获取应用状态: ```java // src/main/java/com/example/diagnostics/AppDiagnosticsController.java package com.example.diagnostics; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.stream.Collectors; @RestController public class AppDiagnosticsController { @Autowired private ApplicationContext context; @GetMapping("/diagnostics/beans") public String listBeans() { return Arrays.stream(context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) .sorted() .collect(Collectors.joining("\n")); } @GetMapping("/diagnostics/config") public String listConfigProps() { return context.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().stream() .map(ps -> ps.toString()) .collect(Collectors.joining("\n\n")); } } ``` 访问 `http://localhost:8080/diagnostics/beans` 查看已加载的 Bean ### 6. 处理循环依赖 如果存在循环依赖,使用 `@Lazy` 注解解决: ```java @Service public class OrderService { private final ProductService productService; @Autowired public OrderService(@Lazy ProductService productService) { this.productService = productService; } } ``` ### 7. 验证数据库配置 ```yaml spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/warehouse_db?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: yourpassword driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jpa: hibernate: ddl-auto: validate show-sql: true properties: hibernate: format_sql: true ``` ## 完整排查流程 1. **检查最新日志**: ```bash tail -f application.log | grep -i error ``` 2. **启用调试模式**: 在 `application.yml` 中添加: ```yaml debug: true ``` 3. **检查 Bean 定义**: ```java // 在 main 方法中添加 ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(WarehouseApplication.class, args); System.out.println("Beans count: " + ctx.getBeanDefinitionCount()); ``` 4. **验证依赖版本兼容性**: ```xml <!-- 在 pom.xml 中确保使用兼容版本 --> <properties> <java.version>17</java.version> <spring-boot.version>3.1.0</spring-boot.version> </properties> ``` ## 常见错误场景及解决方案 | 错误场景 | 解决方案 | |---------|---------| | 缺少必要的依赖 | 添加 `@Repository` 或 `@Service` 注解 | | 数据库连接失败 | 检查数据库状态和连接字符串 | | Bean 属性注入失败 | 使用构造器注入代替字段注入 | | 配置文件加载失败 | 确保 `application.yml` 格式正确 | | 版本冲突 | 运行 `mvn dependency:tree` 分析依赖 | | 组件未被扫描 | 添加 `@ComponentScan` 或调整包结构 | ## 修复后的应用启动类示例 ```java package com.example; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; @SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "com.example") public class WarehouseApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { try { ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(WarehouseApplication.class, args); // 诊断信息 System.out.println("✅ 成功加载的Bean数量: " + context.getBeanDefinitionCount()); System.out.println("✅ 应用上下文已成功初始化"); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("❌ 应用启动失败: " + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` ## 最佳实践建议 1. **使用 Spring Boot 最新稳定版本** 2. **遵循分层架构和包组织规范** 3. **优先使用构造器依赖注入** 4. **在开发阶段启用详细日志** 5. **使用 IDE 的 Spring Boot 支持功能** 6. **定期清理和重建项目** ```bash mvn clean install ```
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