【IOS学习】AV Foundation 学习笔记

AV Foundation应用场景：

• 进行媒体回放时，应用必须创建一个AVPlayerLayer图层，并将视频数据渲染到这个图层
• 需要通过屏幕上得控件，对媒体进行暂停、停止或者快捷操作，需要自己创建空间，并对这些动作进行处理
• 对于不需要自定义解决方案的人，有两个标准视图控制器，用于媒体捕捉和媒体播放器，他们是UIImagePickerController 和 MPMoviePlayerController。
  

用 AV Foundation 创建自定义方案，需要定制的界面元素，或者在捕捉与回放的过程中，要直接访问摄像头和帧数据

UIImagePickerController ,用于获取图片

<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-size:14px;">// 设置数据源
    [picker setSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera];
   
    [picker setDelegate:self];
   
    // 强制使用前摄像头，设置不可编辑
    if([UIImagePickerController isCameraDeviceAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront]){
        [picker setCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront];
    }
    [picker setShowsCameraControls:NO];
   
    // 创建自定义的视图
    UIView *myOverlay = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
    UIImage *overlayImg = [UIImage imageNamed:@"overlay.png"];
    UIImageView *overlayBg;
    overlayBg = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:overlayImg];
    [myOverlay addSubview:overlayBg];
   
    // 添加自定义的按钮到视图中
    UIButton *snap = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [snap setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"takePic"]
          forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [snap addTarget:self
             action:@selector(pickerCameraSnap:)
   forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    snap.frame = CGRectMake(74, 370, 178, 37);
    [myOverlay addSubview:snap];
   
    // 把自定义的视图添加到picker上
    [picker setCameraOverlayView:myOverlay];

    // 展示 picker
    [self presentViewController:picker animated:YES completion:nil];


// 按钮事件拍照
- (void)pickerCameraSnap:(id)sender{
    [picker takePicture];
}

- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info{
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    UIImage *image = [info valueForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
    [imageView setImage:image];
}</span>
</span>

代理

<span style="font-size:14px;">- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker{
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}



- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info{
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    UIImage *image = [info valueForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
    [imageView setImage:image];
}</span>

播放视频 MPMoviePlayerController,它有两个重要的类

1. MPMoviePlayerControler，可以直接嵌入现有的视图中
2. MPMoviePlayerViewController，UIViewController 的子类，包含一个类型为MPMoviePlayerControler的属性moviePlayer。另外，可以使用PresentMoviePlayerViewControllerAnimated方法，讲视频以动画方式拓展到全屏
   

<span style="font-size:12px;">    <span style="font-size:14px;">moviePlayer = [[MPMoviePlayerController alloc] initWithContentURL:nil];
    moviePlayer.controlStyle = MPMovieControlStyleEmbedded;
    moviePlayer.view.clipsToBounds = YES;

   
    CGFloat width = self.view.bounds.size.width;
    moviePlayer.view.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, width, 480);
    moviePlayer.view.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth|
                                        UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleBottomMargin;
   
    [self.view addSubview:moviePlayer.view];



     NSString *urlString = @“http://xxx/movie.mp4";
            NSURL *contentURL = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];
            [moviePlayer setContentURL:contentURL];
            [moviePlayer play];</span></span>

或者

<span style="font-size:14px;">    MPMoviePlayerViewController *mpvc = [[MPMoviePlayerViewController alloc]initWithContentURL:contentUrl];
    [self presentMoviePlayerViewControllerAnimated:mpvc]</span>

创建自定义的媒体捕捉方案

AVCaptureSession  控制来自一个输入设备的声音和视频，流入一个输出缓冲区AVCaptureOutput 的过程
1. 创建AVCaptureSession
2. 设置会话的录音、录音质量的预置值
3. 添加必要的输入捕捉设备 通过AVCaptureDevice来创建，可以是一个摄像头、麦克风、诸如此类
4. 添加必要的数据输出缓冲区 如AVCaptureStillImageOutput 或者 AVCaptureVideoDataOutput
5. 启动AVCaptureSession
    
AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer

自定义图片步骤方案

 <span style="font-size:14px;">-(void)setupAVCapture{
    // 步骤
    // 1) 设置 capture session
    // 2) 设置 capture device
    // 3) 设置 capture device input
    // ----
    // 配置 Capture Session
    // ----
    // 4) 添加 device input 到 capture session
    // 5) 创建 still image output, 并添加到 capture session
    // 6) 创建 video output, a并添加到 capture session
    // ----
    // 设置 video preview layer
    // ----
    // 7) 根据 capture session 创建 Video Preview layer
    // ----
    // 完成设置
    // ----
    // 8) 提交 session 配置
    // 9) 开始运行 capture session
   
   
    // 1) 设置 capture session
    // ========================================
    capSession = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];
   
    [capSession setSessionPreset:AVCaptureSessionPresetMedium];

    // 2) 设置 capture device
    // ========================================
    AVCaptureDevice *capDevice = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
   
   
    // 3) 设置 capture device input
    // ========================================
    NSError *error = nil;
    AVCaptureDeviceInput *capDeviceInput = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:capDevice error:&error];
    if(error!=nil){
        NSLog(@"There was an error setting up capture input device:\n%@",[error localizedDescription]);
        [self destroyAVCapture];
    }
    else{
        [capSession beginConfiguration];

        self.isUsingFrontFacingCamera = NO;
        self.isCapturingVideo = NO;
       
        // 4) 添加 device input 到 capture session
        // ========================================
        if([capSession canAddInput:capDeviceInput])
            [capSession addInput:capDeviceInput];
        else
            NSLog(@"could not add input");
       
      
        // 5) 创建 still image output, 并添加到 capture session
        // ========================================

        stillImageOutput = [AVCaptureStillImageOutput new];
        [stillImageOutput addObserver:self
                                forKeyPath:@"capturingStillImage"
                                   options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew
                                   context:@"AVCaptureStillImageIsCapturingStillImageContext"];
       
        if([capSession canAddOutput:stillImageOutput])
            [capSession addOutput:stillImageOutput];
       
       
       
        // 6) 创建 video output, a并添加到 capture session
        // ========================================
       
        videoDataOutput = [AVCaptureVideoDataOutput new];

        NSDictionary *rgbOutputSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:
                                           [NSNumber numberWithInt:kCMPixelFormat_32BGRA] forKey:(id)kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey];
        [videoDataOutput setVideoSettings:rgbOutputSettings];
       
        [videoDataOutput setAlwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames:YES];
               
        // create a serial dispatch queue used for the sample buffer delegate as well as when a still image is captured
        // a serial dispatch queue must be used to guarantee that video frames will be delivered in order
        // see the header doc for setSampleBufferDelegate:queue: for more information
        videoDataOutputQueue = dispatch_queue_create("VideoDataOutputQueue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
        [videoDataOutput setSampleBufferDelegate:self queue:videoDataOutputQueue];
      
        if([capSession canAddOutput:videoDataOutput])
            [capSession addOutput:videoDataOutput];
        else
            NSLog(@"Could not add output");


        // 7) 根据 capture session 创建 Video Preview layer
        // ========================================
       
        // 设置 video preview layer
        videoPreviewLayer = [[AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer alloc] initWithSession:capSession];
        videoPreviewLayer.frame = videoPreview.bounds;
        videoPreviewLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
        videoPreviewLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
       
        videoPreview.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
        [videoPreview.layer addSublayer:videoPreviewLayer];
       
       
        // 8) 提交 session 配置
        // 9) 开始运行 capture session
        // ========================================
        [capSession commitConfiguration];
        [capSession startRunning];
       

        //Make sure video is not recording
        [[videoDataOutput connectionWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] setEnabled:NO];


    }
}</span>

厚吾（http://blog.csdn.net/mangosnow）

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