本章节翻译自《Beginning-Android-4-Application-Development》,如有翻译不当的地方,敬请指出。
原书购买地址http://www.amazon.com/Beginning-Android-4-Application-Development/dp/1118199545/上一节介绍了如何把文件存储到内部设备。有的时候,需要把文件存储到外部存储设备,比如SD卡。因为SD卡具有更大的存储空间,同时也可以很容易的和其他用户分享这些文件。
使用上一节的例子,把用户输入的文字保存在SD卡,修改onClick()事件。如下:
public class FilesActivity extends Activity {
EditText textBox;
static final int READ_BLOCK_SIZE = 100;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
textBox = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtText1);
InputStream is = this.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.textfile);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String str = null;
try {
while ((str = br.readLine()) != null) {
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),
str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
is.close();
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void onClickSave(View view) {
String str = textBox.getText().toString();
try
{
//---SD Card Storage---
File sdCard = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
File directory = new File (sdCard.getAbsolutePath() +
"/MyFiles");
directory.mkdirs();
File file = new File(directory, "textfile.txt");
FileOutputStream fOut = new FileOutputStream(file);
/*
FileOutputStream fOut =
openFileOutput("textfile.txt",
MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
*/
OutputStreamWriter osw = new
OutputStreamWriter(fOut);
//---write the string to the file---
osw.write(str);
osw.flush();
osw.close();
//---display file saved message---
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),
"File saved successfully!",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//---clears the EditText---
textBox.setText("");
}
catch (IOException ioe)
{
ioe.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
上面的代码中,使用getExternalStorageDirectory()方法去获取SD卡的路径。通常,在真机上面返回“/sdcard”,在模拟器上面返回"/mnt/sdcard"。但是,不要尝试去写死SD卡的路径,因为手机厂商有可能去给SD卡指定一个路径。因此,确保使用getExternalStorageDirectory()方法去获取SD卡的路径。
然后,创建一个MyFiles的文件夹。最终,把文件保存在这个文件夹中。
从外部设备中加载文件,修改onClickLoad()方法:
public void onClickLoad(View view) {
try
{
//---SD Storage---
File sdCard = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
File directory = new File (sdCard.getAbsolutePath() +
"/MyFiles");
File file = new File(directory, "textfile.txt");
FileInputStream fIn = new FileInputStream(file);
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fIn);
/*
FileInputStream fIn =
openFileInput("textfile.txt");
InputStreamReader isr = new
InputStreamReader(fIn);
*/
char[] inputBuffer = new char[READ_BLOCK_SIZE];
String s = "";
int charRead;
while ((charRead = isr.read(inputBuffer))>0)
{
//---convert the chars to a String---
String readString =
String.copyValueOf(inputBuffer, 0,
charRead);
s += readString;
inputBuffer = new char[READ_BLOCK_SIZE];
}
//---set the EditText to the text that has been
// read---
textBox.setText(s);
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),
"File loaded successfully!",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
catch (IOException ioe) {
ioe.printStackTrace();
}
}
请注意,如果想要往SD卡中写入文件,需要在AndroidManifest.xml中加入相关的权限:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="net.manoel.Files"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<activity
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:name=".FilesActivity" >
<intent-filter >
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
执行上述代码,查看SD卡: