其实在开发中经常遇到获取系统网络的情况,一种是通过命令获取,这种获取方式显然不专业;那如何通过c的接口获取呢?
先看看相关的结构体:
//以下为头文件中,对结构体的定义或重命名。简化了结构体也方便阅读
其有三个结构体:
具本如下所示:
1、socket地址结构
struct sockaddr
{
unsigned short sa_family;
char sa_data[14];
}
struct sockaddr_in
{
short int sin_family; //* Address family 其实sockaddr_in与sockaddr意义一致,表达不同而已,都占16字节
unsigned short int sin_port; //* Port number 且在调用的时候,我们用此变量,但函数中类型规定要用(struct sockaddr *)
struct in_addr sin_addr; //* Internet address
unsigned char sin_zero[8]; //* Same size as struct sockaddr
};
struct in_addr
{
unsigned long S_addr;
}
2、网络信息结构体
struct ifreq
{
# define IFHWADDRLEN 6
# define IFNAMSIZ IF_NAMESIZE
union
{
char ifrn_name[IFNAMSIZ]; // Interface name, e.g. "en0".
} ifr_ifrn;
union
{
struct sockaddr ifru_addr;
struct sockaddr ifru_dstaddr;
struct sockaddr ifru_broadaddr;
struct sockaddr ifru_netmask;
struct sockaddr ifru_hwaddr;
short int ifru_flags;
int ifru_ivalue;
int ifru_mtu;
struct ifmap ifru_map;
char ifru_slave[IFNAMSIZ]; // Just fits the size
char ifru_newname[IFNAMSIZ];
__caddr_t ifru_data;
} ifr_ifru;
};
# define ifr_name ifr_ifrn.ifrn_name //* interface name
# define ifr_hwaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr //* MAC address
# define ifr_addr ifr_ifru.ifru_addr //* address
# define ifr_dstaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_dstaddr //* other end of p-p lnk
# define ifr_broadaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_broadaddr //* broadcast address
# define ifr_netmask ifr_ifru.ifru_netmask //* interface net mask
# define ifr_flags ifr_ifru.ifru_flags //* flags
# define ifr_metric ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue //* metric
# define ifr_mtu ifr_ifru.ifru_mtu //* mtu
# define ifr_map ifr_ifru.ifru_map //* device map
# define ifr_slave ifr_ifru.ifru_slave //* slave device
# define ifr_data ifr_ifru.ifru_data //* for use by interface
# define ifr_ifindex ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue //* interface index
# define ifr_bandwidth ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue /* link bandwidth
# define ifr_qlen ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue //* queue length
# define ifr_newname ifr_ifru.ifru_newname //* New name
# define _IOT_ifreq _IOT(_IOTS(char),IFNAMSIZ,_IOTS(char),16,0,0)
# define _IOT_ifreq_short _IOT(_IOTS(char),IFNAMSIZ,_IOTS(short),1,0,0)
# define _IOT_ifreq_int _IOT(_IOTS(char),IFNAMSIZ,_IOTS(int),1,0,0) */
/* Structure used in SIOCGIFCONF request. Used to retrieve interface
configuration for machine (useful for programs which must know all
networks accessible). */
/*
3、网络整体结构体
struct ifconf
{
int ifc_len; // Size of buffer.
union
{
__caddr_t ifcu_buf;
struct ifreq *ifcu_req;
} ifc_ifcu;
};
# define ifc_buf ifc_ifcu.ifcu_buf // Buffer address.
# define ifc_req ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req // Array of structures.
# define _IOT_ifconf _IOT(_IOTS(struct ifconf),1,0,0,0,0) // not right
几种结构体的级别:struct ifconf > struct ifreq > struct sockaddr 前者嵌套后者