容器开启数据服务之旅系列（一）：Kubernetes如何解自建PostgreSQL运维之痛

摘要：  通过阿里云Kubernetes容器服务,开启你的数据服务之旅 （一）云上运维自建数据库之痛，使用容器服务自动恢复数据库postgresql实例 概述 本文为大家介绍一种容器化的数据服务 posgresql db on ACK，通过使用云盘自动挂载实现的块存储PVC来做到数据库的免运维恢复。

容器开启数据服务之旅系列（一）：Kubernetes如何解自建PostgreSQL运维之痛

概述

本文为大家介绍一种容器化的数据服务 posgresql db on ACK，通过使用云盘自动挂载实现的块存储PVC来做到数据库的免运维恢复。借助阿里云Kubernetes服务与阿里云存储资源的深度整合，打造数据库实例的免运维异地（ECS）恢复的不死神话。

先决条件

1.你已经通过阿里云容器服务创建了一个Kubernetes集群，详细步骤参见 创建Kubernetes集群

2.阿里云容器服务的存储插件（默认情况存储插件已经自动部署在阿里云Kubernetes容器服务）

从容器服务控制台创建一个posgresql实例

使用三次点击来创建一个postgresql的不死实例

1.登录  https://cs.console.aliyun.com/

2.点击 “应用目录”

3.选择 "postgresql"



4 （可选）选择你的Kubernetes集群. e.g. k8s-gpu

5 （可选）选择你的应用的命名空间。默认: default

6 给你的数据库应用取个容易记住的名字。 e.g. postgresql-online



7 (可选) 点击 “参数” 来定制你的数据库实例

1.修改 persistence.size: 20Gi 增加数据库云盘的容量2.修改 persistence.storageClass: alicloud-disk-efficiency 调整数据卷所在云盘的性能。比如改为alicloud-disk-ssd 挂载ssd类型的



## Persist data to a persitent volumepersistence: enabled: true ## A manually managed Persistent Volume and Claim ## Requires persistence.enabled: true ## If defined, PVC must be created manually before volume will be bound # existingClaim: ## database data Persistent Volume Storage Class ## if defined, user has to define storageClassName: alicloud-disk to support dynamic provision of alicloud-disk ## If defined, storageClassName: <storageClass> ## If set to "-", storageClassName: "", which disables dynamic provisioning ## If undefined (the default) or set to null, no storageClassName spec is ## set, choosing the default provisioner. (gp2 on AWS, standard on ## GKE, AWS & OpenStack) ## #storageClass: "alicloud-disk-ssd" storageClass: "alicloud-disk-efficiency" accessMode: ReadWriteOnce size: 20Gi subPath: "postgresql-db"

8 点击 “部署”， 完成数据发布

9 点击 “Kubernetes 控制台”，查看部署实例

10 点击容器组，点击 postgresql-online-postgresql 查看数据库实例密码。容器实例启动在节点:cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo



11 测试postgresql数据库的异地(ECS)恢复

1.添加测试数据

ssh <public ip of kubernetes master node >`# kubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client --rm --tty -i --image postgres \--env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD" \--command -- psql -U postgres \-h postgresql-online-postgresql postgresIf you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.postgres=# create table t1 (id int);CREATE TABLEpostgres=# insert into t1 values(10);INSERT 0 1postgres=# select * from t1; id---- 10(1 row)

1.驱逐数据库实例从ECS节点 i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo 到 i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp

#kubectl get pod -o wide | grep postgresql-online-postgresqlpostgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz 1/1 Running 0 36m 172.30.4.4 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo#kubectl cordon cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl delete pod postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzzpod "postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz" deleted# kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql#postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 0 15s 172.30.3.5 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp

1.检验数据，实例迁移， 数据库实例自动化恢复， 数据不丢失。

# kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql#postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 0 15s 172.30.3.5 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdpkubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client --rm --tty -i --image postgres \> --env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD" \> --command -- psql -U postgres \> -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgresIf you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.postgres=# select * from t1; id---- 10(1 row)

CLI控: 使用命令行完成postgresql实例的创建，迁移验证

login k8s master and deploy an postgresql db in seconds.

ssh < public ip of kubernetes master node > helm install -n postgresql-online -- set 'persistence.size=30Gi,persistence.storageClass=alicloud-disk-ssd' stable/postgresql

To get your user password run:

PGPASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret -- namespace default my-pg-postgresql -o jsonpath= "{.data.postgres-password}" | base64 --decode; echo)

To connect to your database run the following command (using the env variable from above):

kubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client -- rm -- tty -i -- image postgres \ -- env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD" \ -- command -- psql -U postgres \ -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgres

To connect to your database directly from outside the K8s cluster:

PGHOST= 127.0.0.1 PGPORT= 5432 # Execute the following commands to route the connection: export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -- namespace default -l "app=my-pg-postgresql" -o jsonpath= "{.items[0].metadata.name}" ) kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 5432 : 5432 #kubectl get pod -o wide | grep postgresql-online-postgresql postgresql-online-postgresql- 78884f bcf6- 6 mfzz 1 / 1 Running 0 36 m 172.30.4.4 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl cordon cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl delete pod postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz pod "postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz" deleted # kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql #postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 0 15s 172.30.3.5 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp

Test original postgresql db could be recovered on different node.

#kubectl get pod -o wide | grep postgresql-online-postgresql #postgresql -online-postgresql - 78884 fbcf6 - 87 ttg 0 / 1 Running 0 15 s 172.30.3.5 cn -hangzhou . i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdpkubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client -- rm -- tty -i -- image postgres \ > -- env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD" \ > -- command -- psql -U postgres \ > -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgres If you don 't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.postgres=# select * from t1; id---- 10(1 row)

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