Python基础之字符串
1 字符串拼接
(1)使用“+”运算符对多个字符串拼接,“+=”实现字符串的拼接及赋值;
(2)通过格式化符号%s与format()对字符串进行拼接,其中%s按顺序对应字符串,format()按数字对应字符串。
a = "Good Evening!"
b = "See You Tomorow."
c = "Beautiful Girl!"
o1 = a + b
print(o1)
o1 += c
print(o1)
o2 = "%s And %s"% (a, b)
print(o2)
o3 = "{1} Let's go home, {0}".format(b, c)
print(o3)
Good Evening!See You Tomorow.
Good Evening!See You Tomorow.Beautiful Girl!
Good Evening! And See You Tomorow.
Beautiful Girl! Let's go home, See You Tomorow.
2 字符串信息提取
以字符串作为对象,可以通过相关的方法获取其有效信息,如字符串长度、索引位置的字符等。
e = "Good Evening!See You Tomorow."
# 获取字符串长度
p1 = len(e)
print(p1)
# 获取字符串的位置值
p2 = e.index("You")
print(p2)
p3 = e.find("See")
print(p3)
# 判断字符串首尾内容
p4 = e.startswith('&')
print(p4)
p5 = e.endswith('.')
print(p5)
# 判断大小写
p6 = e.islower() #字符串是否全是小写
p7 = e.isupper() #字符串是否全是大写
p8 = e.istitle() #字符串是否首字母大写
print(p6)
print(p7)
print(p8)
29
17
13
False
True
False
False
True
3 字符串常用操作
以字符串作为对象,可以通过相关操作对字符串进行修改,如字符串截取、替换字符串等操作。
e = "Good Evening!See You Tomorow."
f = " &Go to school, "
# 获取指定位置的字符
p1 = e[13:16] # 截取第14位至16位
print(p1)
p2 = e[-8:-1] #截取倒数第8位至倒数第2位
print(p2)
# 去除字符串首尾的空字符串
p3 = f.strip()
print(p3)
# 去除字符串首部的特殊字符
p4 = p3.lstrip('&')
print(p4)
# 去除字符串尾部的特殊字符
p5 = p4.rstrip(',')
print(p5)
# 计算命中字符串的次数
p6 = e.count('o',0,30) #计算0在字符串出现的次数
print(p6)
# 替换指定字符串
p7 = e.replace('You', 'Me')
print(p7)
# 分割字符串
p8 = e.split('e') #分割后以数组形式呈现多段字符串
print(p8)
# 字符串对齐
p9 = e.ljust(50,'1') #左对齐,不足部分用1补足
p10 = e.rjust(50, '2') #右对齐,不足部分用2补足
p11 = e.center(50, '3') #中间对齐,不足部分用3补足
p12 = e.zfill(50) #右对齐,不足部分用0补足
print(p9)
print(p10)
print(p11)
print(p12)
print(e.title()) #首字母大写
print(e.upper()) #全部大写
print(e.lower()) #全部小写
See
Tomorow
&Go to school,
Go to school,
Go to school
6
Good Evening!See Me Tomorow.
['Good Ev', 'ning!S', '', ' You Tomorow.']
Good Evening!See You Tomorow.111111111111111111111
222222222222222222222Good Evening!See You Tomorow.
3333333333Good Evening!See You Tomorow.33333333333
000000000000000000000Good Evening!See You Tomorow.
Good Evening!See You Tomorow.
GOOD EVENING!SEE YOU TOMOROW.
good evening!see you tomorow.
示例:截取地址信息中的省市信息
地址:广东省广州市天河区珠江西路1号;
s = "地址:广东省广州市天河区珠江西路1号;"
s1 = s.index(':') + 1
s2 = s.index('省') + 1
s3 = s.index('市') + 1
s4 = s.index('区') + 1
w1 = s[s1:s2]
w2 = s[s2:s3]
w3 = s[s3:s4]
ss = [s1,s2,s3,s4]
print(ss)
ww = [w1,w2,w3]
print(ww)
[3, 6, 9, 12]
['广东省', '广州市', '天河区']