uikit——UIView——autoresizing

相关方法

@property(nonatomic) BOOL               autoresizesSubviews; // default is YES. if set, subviews are adjusted according to their autoresizingMask if self.bounds changes
@property(nonatomic) UIViewAutoresizing autoresizingMask;    // simple resize. default is UIViewAutoresizingNone

注：parentview设置autoresizesSubviews，subview设置autoresizingMask，parentview.autoresizesSubviews = YES，subview.autoresizingMask才有意义

UIViewAutoresizing

typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, UIViewAutoresizing) {
    UIViewAutoresizingNone                 = 0,
    UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleLeftMargin   = 1 << 0,
    UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth        = 1 << 1,
    UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleRightMargin  = 1 << 2,
    UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleTopMargin    = 1 << 3,
    UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight       = 1 << 4,
    UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleBottomMargin = 1 << 5
};

x-axis上UIViewAutoresizing可组合值：

UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleLeftMargin   = 1 << 0,
UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth        = 1 << 1,
UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleRightMargin  = 1 << 2,

y-axis上UIViewAutoresizing可组合值：

UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleTopMargin    = 1 << 3,
UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight       = 1 << 4,
UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleBottomMargin = 1 << 5

原理

subview在父坐标系x-axis上divide 3个portions：left，width，right

• left：subview左边缘距离父坐标系原点在x-axis上距离，即subview.frame.origin.x，可能为负
• width：subview自身width，即subview.bounds.size.width，恒为正
• right：parentview.bounds.size.width - left - width，可能为负

当parentview.bounds改变(parentview.autoresizesSubviews = YES)，根据subview.autoresizingMask值把parentview的bounds.size.width变化量按比例分配到这3个portions上

parentview.bounds.size.width变化量Δwidth = new parentview.bounds.size.width - parentview.bounds.size.width(可能为负)

如果subview.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleLeftMargin | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleRightMargin，则：

• new left = left + Δwidth * left / (left + width + right)
• new width = width + Δwidth * width / (left + width + right)
• new right = new parentview.bounds.size.width - new left - new width

如果subview.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleLeftMargin | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleRightMargin，则：

• new left = left + Δwidth * left / (left + right)
• new width = width
• new right = new parentview.bounds.size.width - new left - new width

如果subview.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleLeftMargin，则：

• new left = left + Δwidth * left / left
• new width = width
• new right = new parentview.bounds.size.width - new left - new width

如果subview.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingNone，则：

• new left = left
• new width = width
• new right = new parentview.bounds.size.width - new left - new width

注：left，width，right，Δwidth都是带符号运算，当然width恒为正，left，right和Δwidth可能为负，left + width + right恒等于parentview.bounds.size.width

subview在父坐标系y-axis上divide 3个portions：top，height，bottom，原理同x-axis，不再赘述

autoresizing局限性

autoresizing是ios为了适应设备屏幕尺寸发生改变时，尽可能的不改变代码而能完美适配所引入的一种简易layout机制，autoresizing核心是同比例缩放，因此适用于设备屏幕尺寸长宽比相同，随着apple后续引入了不同长宽比设备，autoresizing突显了其局限性：

• autoresizing在表示parent view和sub view之间的pos和size关系时能表示的组合非常有限，在x-axis或y-axis一维空间内只能表示有限的8种(1 + 3 + 3 + 1)组合关系，在x-axis和y-axis二维空间内只能表示有限的64种(8 * 8)组合关系，而且只能按某种比例机制，因此不能表示parent view和sub view之间更多更精确的pos和size关系