TCP状态转换

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1. 11 states

CLOSE, LISTEN, SYN_SENT, SNY_RCV, ESTABLISHED

FIN_WAIT_1, FIN_WAIT_2, CLOSING, TIME_WAIT, CLOSE_WAIT, LAST_ACK

2. 6 Primary Paths

Active Open: CLOSE => SYN_SENT => SYN_RCV => ESTABLISHED

Passive Open: CLOSE => LISTEN => SYN_RCV => ESTABLISHED

Active Close: ESTABLISHED => FIN_WAIT_1 => FIN_WAIT_2 => TIME_WAIT (2MSL) => CLOSE

Passive Close: ESTABLISHED => CLOSE_WAIT => LAST_ACK => CLOSE

Half Close: ESTABLISHED => FIN_WAIT_1 => FIN_WAIT_2

Half Open: ESTABLISHED => CLOSE_WAIT

3. 2 Misc Paths

Simultaneous Open: (Both Active) CLOSE => SYN_SENT => SYN_RCV => ESTABLISHED 

Simultaneous Close: (Both Active) ESTABLISHED => FIN_WAIT_1 =>  CLOSING => TIME_WAIT (2MSL) => CLOSE

* ACK is Sent or Carried before a state transition.