R 基本1 数据基本操作，matrix应用

loading the data set of 20,000 observations into the R workspace

source("http://www.openintro.org/stat/data/cdc.R")

To view the names of the variables

  

names(dataset)

look at the first/last few entries (rows) of our data with the command head(cdc)

head(cdc) / tail(cdc)

看某一行的统计数据

summary(cdc$some_column)

mean(cdc$weight)

var(cdc$weight)

median(cdc$weight)

categorical data? 绘图

table(cdc$smoke100) ， barplot(table(cdc$smoke100))

或者

smoke = table(cdc$smoke100)
barplot(smoke)

multiple variables？ 绘图 

gender_smokers = table(cdc$gender, cdc$smoke100)

mosaicplot(gender_smokers)

numerical data 绘图

boxplot(cdc$height ~ cdc$gender) y轴 ~ x 轴

hist(cdc$age)

hist(bmi)

hist(bmi, breaks = 50)

数据形式

dim(cdc)

某一个数据，某几row数据， 某几row数据的全部属性

cdc[row, column]                cdc[1:10, 6]     cdc[1:10, ]

select a variable "weight"

cdc$weight and therefore : cdc$weight[some_row] , cdc$weight[1:some_row]

subsetting

true or false conditions: cdc$age > 30 or cdc$gender == "m"

mdata = subset(cdc, cdc$gender == "m")

peak at the first several rows

head(mdata)

m_and_over30 = subset(cdc, cdc$gender == "m" & cdc$age > 30)

m_or_over30 = subset(cdc, cdc$gender == "m" | cdc$age > 30)