lintcode: Dices Sum

Throw n dices, the sum of the dices' faces is S. Given n, find the all possible value of S along with its probability.

 Notice

You do not care about the accuracy of the result, we will help you to output results.

Example

Given n = 1, return [ [1, 0.17], [2, 0.17], [3, 0.17], [4, 0.17], [5, 0.17], [6, 0.17]].

class Solution {
public:
    /**
     * @param n an integer
     * @return a list of pair<sum, probability>
     */
    vector<pair<int, double>> dicesSum(int n) {
        // Write your code here
        
        vector<vector<double>> dp(n+1, vector<double>(n*6+1));
        
        for (int i=0; i<=n; i++)
            for (int j=0; j<=n*6; j++)
                dp[i][j] = 0.0;
                
        for (int k=1; k<=6; k++)
            dp[1][k] = 1.0 / 6.0;
            
        for (int i=2; i<=n; i++)
        {
            for (int j=1; j<=6*n; j++)
            {
                for (int k=1; k<=6; k++)
                {
                    if (j > k)
                    {
                        dp[i][j] += dp[i-1][j-k];
                    }
                }
                dp[i][j] = dp[i][j] / 6.0;
            }
        }
        
        vector<pair<int, double>> retVtr;
        for (int j=n; j<=6*n; j++)
        {
            pair<int, double> p = make_pair(j, dp[n][j]);
            retVtr.push_back(p);
        }
        
        return retVtr;
    }
};