openpyxl3.0官方文档（9）—— 条形图和柱形图

在条形图中，值以水平条或垂直列的形式展示。

垂直、水平和堆叠条形图¶

下列设置影响不同的图表类型：

• 通过分别将type设置为col或bar，在垂直条形图和水平条形图之间切换。
• 使用堆叠图表时，需要将overlap设置为100。
• 如果条是水平的，则x轴和y轴是相反的。
  下面代码将生成上面四个图表。

    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.chart import BarChart, Series, Reference
    
    wb = Workbook(write_only=True)
    ws = wb.create_sheet()
    
    rows = [
        ('Number', 'Batch 1', 'Batch 2'),
        (2, 10, 30),
        (3, 40, 60),
        (4, 50, 70),
        (5, 20, 10),
        (6, 10, 40),
        (7, 50, 30),
    ]
    
    
    for row in rows:
        ws.append(row)
    
    
    chart1 = BarChart()
    chart1.type = "col"
    chart1.style = 10
    chart1.title = "Bar Chart"
    chart1.y_axis.title = 'Test number'
    chart1.x_axis.title = 'Sample length (mm)'
    
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=7, max_col=3)
    cats = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=7)
    chart1.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
    chart1.set_categories(cats)
    chart1.shape = 4
    ws.add_chart(chart1, "A10")
    
    from copy import deepcopy
    
    chart2 = deepcopy(chart1)
    chart2.style = 11
    chart2.type = "bar"
    chart2.title = "Horizontal Bar Chart"
    
    ws.add_chart(chart2, "G10")
    
    
    chart3 = deepcopy(chart1)
    chart3.type = "col"
    chart3.style = 12
    chart3.grouping = "stacked"
    chart3.overlap = 100
    chart3.title = 'Stacked Chart'
    
    ws.add_chart(chart3, "A27")
    
    
    chart4 = deepcopy(chart1)
    chart4.type = "bar"
    chart4.style = 13
    chart4.grouping = "percentStacked"
    chart4.overlap = 100
    chart4.title = 'Percent Stacked Chart'
    
    ws.add_chart(chart4, "G27")
    
    wb.save("bar.xlsx")
    

三维条形图¶

也可以创建三维条形图

    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.chart import (
        Reference,
        Series,
        BarChart3D,
    )
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    rows = [
        (None, 2013, 2014),
        ("Apples", 5, 4),
        ("Oranges", 6, 2),
        ("Pears", 8, 3)
    ]
    
    for row in rows:
        ws.append(row)
    
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=4)
    titles = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=4)
    chart = BarChart3D()
    chart.title = "3D Bar Chart"
    chart.add_data(data=data, titles_from_data=True)
    chart.set_categories(titles)
    
    ws.add_chart(chart, "E5")
    wb.save("bar3d.xlsx")
    

这将生成一个简单的三维条形图。