一、前言
QT中可以通过访问网站来获取天气状态的数据,大致步骤为:访问网站、获取数据(json、csv等格式)、解析数据三个步骤。下面详细讲下这三个步骤
二、访问网站
关于天气数据的网站有很多,比如:
调用它的api即可,自己点进去看怎么使用,访问的时候有城市编码和经纬度两种选项,经纬度更精确点。
我们讲的是另一个存储为json格式的网站,对应前文讲解QT中的json,
"http://t.weather.itboy.net/api/weather/city/" + cityCode
对应的citycode在压缩文件中,自己拿取
void MainWindow::getWeatherInfo(QString cityCode)
{
QUrl url("http://t.weather.itboy.net/api/weather/city/" + cityCode);
mQNetworkAccessManager->get(QNetworkRequest(url));
}
三、获取数据
使用QNetworkRequest来发送请求,接收获取响应数据
//数据请求与获取
mQNetworkAccessManager = new QNetworkAccessManager(this);
connect(mQNetworkAccessManager, &QNetworkAccessManager::finished, this, &MainWindow::onReplied);
//直接在构造中,请求天气数据
//"101010100"是北京的城市编码
//"101270101"成都,"101020100"上海,"101280101"广州,"101280601"深圳,"101200101"武汉
getWeatherInfo("101270101");//默认成都
void MainWindow::onReplied(QNetworkReply *reply)
{
// qDebug() << "onReplied success!";
//请求码,200表示成功
int status_code = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute).toInt();
// qDebug() << "operation:" << reply->operation();//请求的方法
// qDebug() << "status_code:" << status_code;//请求码
// qDebug() << "url:" << reply->url();//请求的url
// qDebug() << "raw header:" << reply->rawHeaderList();//请求的响应头
//错误提示
if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError || status_code != 200)
{
qDebug("%s(%d) error: %s", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__,reply->errorString().toLatin1().data());
QMessageBox::critical(this,"天气","请求天气数据失败!");
}
else
{
//获取响应信息
QByteArray byteArray = reply->readAll();
// qDebug() << "天气数据:" << byteArray.data();
parseJson(byteArray);
}
reply->deleteLater();
}
四、解析数据
可以先把获取的数据用解析工具解析一遍,然后看着解析后的json文件编写程序
void MainWindow::parseJson(QByteArray &byteArray)
{
QJsonParseError err;
QJsonDocument doc = QJsonDocument::fromJson(byteArray, &err);
if(err.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
{
return;
}
QJsonObject rootObj = doc.object();
// qDebug() << rootObj.value("message").toString();
//1.解析日期城市
mToday.date = rootObj.value("date").toString();
mToday.city = rootObj.value("cityInfo").toObject().value("city").toString();
// qDebug() << mToday.date << " and " << mToday.city;
//2.解析yesterday
QJsonObject objData = rootObj.value("data").toObject();
QJsonObject objYesterday = objData.value("yesterday").toObject();
mDay[0].week = objYesterday.value("week").toString();
mDay[0].date = objYesterday.value("ymd").toString();
mDay[0].type = objYesterday.value("type").toString();
QString s;
//split是分割,“高温 15℃”中间是空格,所以用空格作为分割的依据
//分成“高温”和“15℃”,at(1)为第二个即15℃
s = objYesterday.value("high").toString().split(" ").at(1);
// s.left(s.length()-1);//15
mDay[0].highTemp = s.left(s.length()-1).toInt();
s = objYesterday.value("low").toString().split(" ").at(1);
// s.left(s.length()-1);//7
mDay[0].lowTemp = s.left(s.length()-1).toInt();
mDay[0].windScale = objYesterday.value("fl").toString();
mDay[0].windDirection = objYesterday.value("fx").toString();
mDay[0].aqi = objYesterday.value("api").toDouble();//空气质量指数
//3.解析forcast中5天的数据
QJsonArray forecastArr = objData.value("forecast").toArray();
for (int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
QJsonObject objForecast = forecastArr[i].toObject();
mDay[i+1].week = objForecast.value("week").toString();
mDay[i+1].date = objForecast.value("ymd").toString();
mDay[i+1].type = objForecast.value("type").toString();
QString str;
str = objForecast.value("high").toString().split(" ").at(1);
mDay[i+1].highTemp = str.left(str.length()-1).toInt();
str = objForecast.value("low").toString().split(" ").at(1);
mDay[i+1].lowTemp = str.left(str.length()-1).toInt();
mDay[i+1].windScale = objForecast.value("fl").toString();
mDay[i+1].windDirection = objForecast.value("fx").toString();
mDay[i+1].aqi = objForecast.value("api").toDouble();
}
//4.解析今天的数据
mToday.coldIndex = objData.value("ganmao").toString();
mToday.temperature = objData.value("wendu").toString().toInt();
mToday.humidity = objData.value("shidu").toString();
mToday.pm25 = objData.value("pm25").toDouble();
mToday.quality = objData.value("quality").toString();
//5.forecast中第一个数组元素,也是今天的数据
mToday.type = mDay[1].type;
mToday.windScale = mDay[1].windScale;
mToday.windDirection = mDay[1].windDirection;
mToday.highTemp = mDay[1].highTemp;
mToday.lowTemp = mDay[1].lowTemp;
mToday.week = mDay[1].week;
}
五、视频演示
天气预报