1、创建一个Maven工程
2、导入依赖
<properties>
<junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
<spring.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
<jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringMVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springmvc2</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- Java编译插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Tomcat插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8888</port>
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
如果是手动导jar包的话,需要导入如下jar包:
3、添加必要的配置文件
log4j.properties(日志文件)
略...
web.xml (设置springmvc的入口,核心Servlet:DispatcherServlet)
<!-- 前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!-- DispatcherServlet是一个Servlet,是对请求进行转发的核心Servlet, 它的主要功能就是对请求进行分发(也就是将请求转发给某个具体的Controller)
,可以简单的理解为 DispatcherServlet就是一个总控制处理器。 它还可以和Spring的IOC容器完全集成在一起,从而可以更好的实现Spring的功能。 -->
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!--
可用:*.do、*.xxx、/、/xxx/*
唯一不可用:/*
-->
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
springmvc-servlet.xml(springmvc的配置文件,放在WEB-INF目录下,命名规则是 {servlet-name}-servlet.xml ,例如:给servlet配置的名称是abc,那么该springmvc配置文件的名称就是abc-servlet.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 1、定义处理器映射器HandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />
<!-- 2、定义处理器适配器HandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" />
<!-- 3、定义处理业务逻辑的Handler -->
<bean id="/hello.action" class="com.its.springmvc.web.controller.HellloWorldController" />
<!-- 4、定义视图解析器ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀,存放页面的目录 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<!-- 后缀,视图的后缀名 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
4、视图hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>HelloWorld SpringMVC</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${msg }</h1>
</body>
</html>
5、Handler:处理业务逻辑,返回模型数据和视图名称
package com.its.springmvc.web.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class HellloWorldController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
// 设置模型数据
mv.addObject("msg", "My first SpringMVC application !");
// 设置视图名称
mv.setViewName("hello");
return mv;
}
}
6、测试
7、程序执行流程图