platform总线是Linux虚拟的一条总线,总线类型定义如下:
struct bus_type platform_bus_type = {
.name = "platform",
.dev_attrs = platform_dev_attrs,
.match = platform_match,
.uevent = platform_uevent,
.pm = &platform_dev_pm_ops,
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(platform_bus_type);
那这里只需要关注它的match方法,match方法定义如下:
/**
* platform_match - bind platform device to platform driver.
* @dev: device.
* @drv: driver.
*
* Platform device IDs are assumed to be encoded like this:
* "<name><instance>", where <name> is a short description of the type of
* device, like "pci" or "floppy", and <instance> is the enumerated
* instance of the device, like '0' or '42'. Driver IDs are simply
* "<name>". So, extract the <name> from the platform_device structure,
* and compare it against the name of the driver. Return whether they match
* or not.
*/
static int platform_match(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
struct platform_device *pdev = to_platform_device(dev);
struct platform_driver *pdrv = to_platform_driver(drv);
/* Attempt an OF style match first */
if (of_driver_match_device(dev, drv))
return 1;
/* Then try ACPI style match */
if (acpi_driver_match_device(dev, drv))
return 1;
/* Then try to match against the id table */
if (pdrv->id_table)
return platform_match_id(pdrv->id_table, pdev) != NULL;
/* fall-back to driver name match */
return (strcmp(pdev->name, drv->name) == 0);
}
平台总线在匹配设备和驱动的时候,首先是看驱动中是否有id_table成员,如果有,则调用platform_match_id去匹配,如果没有,则只是简单的比较平台设备和平台驱动的name字段是否相同。
一、platform设备
平台设备使用struct platform_device来描述,该结构体定义在linux/platform_device.h中,注册平台设备使用platform_device_register函数,原型如下:
int platform_device_register(struct platform_device *pdev);
注销平台设备使用platform_device_unregister函数,原型如下:
void platform_device_unregister(struct platform_device *pdev);
平台设备操作实例如下:
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
static void my_platform_device_release(struct device *dev)
{
printk("My platform device released.\n");
}
struct platform_device my_platform_device = {
.name = "my_platform_device",
.dev = {
.release = my_platform_device_release,
},
};
static int __init my_platform_device_init(void)
{
int ret = 0;
ret = platform_device_register(&my_platform_device);
if (ret) {
printk("Can't register my platform device!\n");
}
return ret;
}
static void __exit my_platform_device_exit(void)
{
platform_device_unregister(&my_platform_device);
}
module_init(my_platform_device_init);
module_exit(my_platform_device_exit);
注意这里并没有指定设备的总线类型,platform_device_register函数会给我们去设置总线类型为platform_bus_type。二、platform驱动
平台驱动使用struct platform_driver来描述,注册平台驱动使用platform_driver_register函数,原型如下:
int platform_driver_register(struct platform_driver *drv)
注销平台驱动使用platform_driver_unregister函数,原型如下:
void platform_driver_unregister(struct platform_driver *drv);
平台驱动实例如下:
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
static int my_platform_driver_probe(struct platform_device *dev)
{
printk("Platform driver found device which my platform driver can handle.\n");
return 0;
}
static int my_platform_driver_remove(struct platform_device *dev)
{
printk("Platform driver found device unpluged.\n");
return 0;
}
static struct platform_driver my_platform_driver = {
.probe = my_platform_driver_probe,
.remove = my_platform_driver_remove,
.driver = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "my_platform_device",
}
};
static int __init my_platform_driver_init(void)
{
return platform_driver_register(&my_platform_driver);
}
static void __exit my_platform_driver_exit(void)
{
platform_driver_unregister(&my_platform_driver);
}
module_init(my_platform_driver_init);
module_exit(my_platform_driver_exit);
同样也不需要指定总线类型,platform_driver_register函数会去给我们设置,这里并没有使用id_table,只是将平台设备和驱动的name字段设置为相同,平台总线会匹配成功,最终调用驱动中的probe函数。以后还可以看到许多总线,比如i2c,usb,pci等,它们都有自己的设备和驱动注册方法,但是最终都是调用device_register和driver_register函数去完成设备和驱动的注册,在匹配成功之后,都会去调用驱动中的probe函数,只是match方法可能不相同而已,原理都是类似的。