SQL

  DDL:
  CREATE TABLE tablename(A1 D1,...An Dn,PRIMARY KEY(Ai))
  INSET INTO tablename(attrlist) VALUSE(valuelist)
  DELETE FROM tablename
  DROP TABLE tablename
  ALTER TABLE tablename ADD A D             ALTER TABLE tablename DROP A
 
  DML:
  SELECT DISTINCT Alist FROM tablenames WHERE P
  SELECT attr AS attrNew FROM tablenames WHERE P
  SELECT attrs FROM tablename as Var WHERE P
  WHERE attr OP constant                   OP:and,or,not,<,<=,>,>=,=,<>,between,not between
  FROM
  oldName AS newName
  WHERE attr LIKE  str                     % match any string,_ match a char
  ORDER BY attr ASC|DESC
  set operation:  UNION,INTERSECT,EXCEPT
  gather function: AVG,SUM,MAX,MIN,COUNT
  WHERE ... GROUP BY ... HAVAING ...
  about NULL: IS NOT NULL ,IS UNKNOWN ,IS NOT UNKNOWN
  WHERE attr in|not in OP
  set comparing: OP SOME|ALL               OP: AS BEFORE
  EXIST  NOT EXIST UNIQUE NOT UNIQUE
  CREATE VIEW view AS operations WITH CHECK OPTION

  DELETE FROM tablename WHERE P
  UPDATE tablename SET ... WHERE ...
  CASE
 
  link relation: INNER JOIN ,LEFT OUTER JOIN ,RIGHT OUT JOIN ,NATURAL INNER JOIN ,CROSS JOIN , UNION JOIN