python 3 妙招笔记

1. 换值操作

不再需要中间变量

>>> x = 3
>>> y = 5
>>> x, y = y, x
>>> print(x, y)
5 3

2. 显示所有内置函数

>>> dir(__builtins__)
['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError', 'BaseException', 'BlockingIOError',
 'BrokenPipeError', 'BufferError', 'BytesWarning', 'ChildProcessError', 'ConnectionAbortedError', 'ConnectionError', …… ]

3. 显示当前工作区间内所有变量

>>> dir()
['__annotations__', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', 
'__package__', '__spec__', 'guess', 'temp', 'x']

4. 显示函数帮助信息

>>> help(dir)
Help on built-in function dir in module builtins:

dir(...)
    dir([object]) -> list of strings
    
    If called without an argument, return the names in the current scope.
    Else, return an alphabetized list of names comprising (some of) the attributes
    of the given object, and of attributes reachable from it.
    If the object supplies a method named __dir__, it will be used; otherwise
    the default dir() logic is used and returns:
      for a module object: the module's attributes.
      for a class object:  its attributes, and recursively the attributes
        of its bases.
      for any other object: its attributes, its class's attributes, and
        recursively the attributes of its class's base classes.

5. 字符串加法和乘法

加法为拼接，乘法为重复

6. 比较运算符

6.