MYSQL经典50题及答案

建表语句：

-- 学生表

CREATE TABLE `Student`(

`s_id` VARCHAR(20),

`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)

);

-- 课程表

CREATE TABLE `Course`(

`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),

`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)

);

-- 教师表

CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(

`t_id` VARCHAR(20),

`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)

);

-- 成绩表

CREATE TABLE `Score`(

`s_id` VARCHAR(20),

`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),

`s_score` INT(3),PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)

);

插入数据：

-- 插入学生表测试数据

insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');

insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');

insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');

insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');

insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');

insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');

insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');

insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');

-- 课程表测试数据

insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');

insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');

insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

-- 教师表测试数据

insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');

insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');

insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

-- 成绩表测试数据

insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);

insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);

insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);

insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);

insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);

insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);

insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);

insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);

insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);

insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);

insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);

insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);

insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);

insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);

insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);

insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);

insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);

insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

练习题：

1. 查询" 01 "课程比" 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

SELECT sct.*,st.* from

(SELECT a.s_id,a.s_score socre1,b.s_score score2 from (SELECT sc1.* from score sc1 where sc1.c_id = '01') a,

 (SELECT sc1.* from score sc1 where sc1.c_id = '02') b

 where a.s_id = b.s_id and a.s_score>b.s_score) sct

 LEFT JOIN student st on sct.s_id =st.s_id;

1. 1. 查询同时存在" 01 "课程和" 02 "课程的情况

SELECT DISTINCT s_id from score where c_id in ('01','02');

1. 1. 查询存在" 01 "课程但可能不存在" 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )

SELECT * from (SELECT * from score where c_id = '01') a LEFT JOIN

(SELECT * from score where c_id = '02') b on a.s_id = b.s_id

1. 1. 查询不存在" 01 "课程但存在" 02 "课程的情况

SELECT a.s_id,a.s_score score1,b.s_score score2 from (SELECT * from score where c_id != '01') a inner JOIN (SELECT * from score where c_id = '02') b on a.s_id = b.s_id

1. 查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

SELECT sc.*,st.s_name FROM

(SELECT s_id,avg(s_score) FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING avg(s_score) >=60) sc LEFT JOIN student st on sc.s_id = st.s_id

1. 查询在 score 表存在成绩的学生信息

SELECT st.* FROM

(SELECT sc.s_id from score sc GROUP BY sc.s_id) a LEFT JOIN student st on a.s_id = st.s_id

1. 查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null ）

SELECT st.s_id,st.s_name,sc.count,sc.sum from student st LEFT JOIN (SELECT s_id,count(*) count,sum(s_score) sum from score GROUP BY s_id

) sc on st.s_id =sc.s_id

1. 1. 查有成绩的学生信息

SELECT st.* from

(SELECT s_id FROM score GROUP BY s_id) sc LEFT JOIN student st on sc.s_id = st.s_id

1. 查询「李」姓老师的数量

SELECT count(*) count from teacher where t_name LIKE '李%'

1. 查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息

SELECT st.* FROM

(SELECT s_id FROM score where c_id in (

SELECT c_id from course where t_id=(SELECT t_id from teacher where t_name = '张三')

)) sc LEFT JOIN student st on sc.s_id = st.s_id

1. 查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

SELECT st.* from

(SELECT sc.* from

(SELECT s_id,count(*) count from score GROUP BY s_id) sc where

sc.count<(SELECT count(*) count FROM course) ) a LEFT JOIN student st

 on a.s_id = st.s_id

1. 查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息

SELECT st.* FROM

(SELECT DISTINCT s_id from score WHERE c_id in

(SELECT c_id FROM score where s_id = '01') and s_id != '01') a

LEFT JOIN student st on a.s_id = st.s_id

1. 查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息

SELECT * from student where s_id in (

SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE s_id !='01' and c_id in(

SELECT c_id FROM score where s_id = '01'

) GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(1) =(

SELECT count(1) FROM score WHERE s_id = '01'

))

或

SELECT * from student where s_id in (

SELECT s_id FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) =

(SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) as str2 FROM score WHERE s_id = '01'))

and s_id != '01'

1. 查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

SELECT s_name from student where s_id not in (

SELECT s_id from

(SELECT s_id,GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) s2 FROM score GROUP BY s_id) a

where a.s2 LIKE CONCAT('%',(SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) s1 FROM course where t_id = (SELECT t_id FROM teacher where t_name = '张三'

)),'%'))

1. 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

SELECT a.*,avg(sc.s_score) avg_score from (SELECT st.s_id,st.s_name FROM student st

where st.s_id in (

SELECT s_id from score where s_score < 60

GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(1)>=2

)) a LEFT JOIN score sc on a.s_id = sc.s_id

GROUP BY a.s_id

1. 检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id in

(SELECT s_id from score where s_score<60 and c_id = '01' ORDER BY s_score desc)

1. 按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

SELECT s_id,sum(s_score) sum_score,avg(s_score) avg_score FROM score

GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY avg_score desc

1. 查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：

 以如下形式显示：课程 ID，课程 name，最高分，最低分，平均分

  以如下形式显示:及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率

及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90

SELECT

c.c_id,

c.c_name,

MAX(sc.s_score) "最高分",

MIN(sc.s_score) "最低分",

AVG(sc.s_score) "平均分" ,

((SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE s_score>=60 AND c_id=c.c_id )/(SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE c_id=c.c_id)) "及格率",

((SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE s_score>=70 AND s_score<80 AND c_id=c.c_id )/(SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE c_id=c.c_id)) "中等率",

((SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE s_score>=80 AND s_score<90 AND c_id=c.c_id )/(SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE c_id=c.c_id)) "优良率",

((SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE s_score>=90 AND c_id=c.c_id )/(SELECT COUNT(s_id) FROM score WHERE c_id=c.c_id)) "优秀率"

FROM course c

LEFT JOIN score sc ON sc.c_id=c.c_id

GROUP BY c.c_id

要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

SELECT c_id,count(1) count FROM score GROUP BY c_id ORDER BY count desc,c_id

1. 按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时保留名次空缺

SELECT *,RANK() over(ORDER BY s_score desc) rank1 FROM score

1. 1. 按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时合并名次

SELECT *,DENSE_RANK() over(ORDER BY s_score desc) rank1 FROM score

1.  查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时保留名次空缺

SELECT s_id,sum(s_score) sum,RANK() over(ORDER BY sum(s_score) DESC) rank1 FROM score GROUP BY s_id

1. 1. 查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时不保留名次空缺

SELECT s_id,sum(s_score) sum,ROW_NUMBER() over(ORDER BY sum(s_score) DESC) rank1 FROM score GROUP BY s_id

1. 统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号，课程名称，[100-85]，[85-70]，[70-60]，[60-0] 及所占百分比

select t1.Cname,t2.* from Course t1,(

select SC.cid,

sum(case when sc.score>=85 and sc.score<=100 then 1 else 0 end) as [100-85],

cast(cast(cast(sum(case when sc.score>=85 and sc.score<=100 then 1 else 0 end) as decimal(5,2))/count(*)*100 as decimal(5,2))as varchar(20))+'%' as '[100-85]所占百分比' ,

sum(case when sc.score>=70 and sc.score<85 then 1 else 0 end) as [85-70],

cast(cast(cast(sum(case when sc.score>=70 and sc.score<85 then 1 else 0 end) as decimal(5,2))/count(*)*100 as decimal(5,2))as varchar(20))+'%' as '[85-70]所占百分比' ,

sum(case when sc.score>=60 and sc.score<70 then 1 else 0 end) as [70-60],

cast(cast(cast(sum(case when sc.score>=60 and sc.score<70 then 1 else 0 end) as decimal(5,2))/count(*)*100 as decimal(5,2))as varchar(20))+'%' as '[70-60]所占百分比' ,

sum(case when sc.score>0 and sc.score<60 then 1 else 0 end) as [60-0],

cast(cast(cast(sum(case when sc.score>0 and sc.score<60 then 1 else 0 end) as decimal(5,2))/count(*)*100 as decimal(5,2))as varchar(20))+'%' as '[60-0]所占百分比'

from SC group by SC.cid) t2

where t1.CId=t2.CId

1. 查询各科成绩前三名的记录

SELECT a.c_id,st.s_id,a.s_score,a.rank1 FROM student st LEFT JOIN

(SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() over(PARTITION by c_id ORDER BY s_score desc) rank1 FROM score)

 a on st.s_id = a.s_id WHERE a.rank1 in (1,2,3)

1. 查询每门课程被选修的学生数

SELECT count(1) count FROM score GROUP BY c_id

1. 查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名

SELECT st.* FROM student st WHERE st.s_id in (

SELECT s_id FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(DISTINCT c_id) =2)

1. 查询男生、女生人数

SELECT a.*,b.* FROM

(SELECT count(s_sex) '男' FROM student where s_sex='男') a,

(SELECT count(s_sex) '女' FROM student where s_sex='女') b

或

SELECT s_sex,count(s_sex) FROM student GROUP BY s_sex

1. 查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息

SELECT * FROM student where s_name LIKE '%风%'

1. 查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数

SELECT s_name,count(s_name) FROM student GROUP BY s_name HAVING count(s_name)>1

1. 查询 1990 年出生的学生名单

SELECT * FROM student WHERE year(s_birth) = '1990'

1. 查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列

SELECT c_id,avg(s_score) FROM score GROUP BY c_id ORDER BY avg(s_score) desc,c_id

1. 查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

SELECT st.s_name,a.* FROM student st inner JOIN (

SELECT s_id,avg(s_score) FROM score GROUP BY c_id HAVING avg(s_score)>=85) a on st.s_id = a.s_id

1. 查询课程名称为「数学」，且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数

SELECT st.s_name,a.s_score FROM student st INNER JOIN

(SELECT s_id,s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = (SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE c_name='数学') and s_score < 60

) a on st.s_id=a.s_id

1. 查询所有学生的课程及分数情况（存在学生没成绩，没选课的情况）

SELECT st.*,a.c_id,a.s_score FROM student st LEFT JOIN score a

on st.s_id=a.s_id

1. 查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数

SELECT st.s_name,b.c_id,b.s_score FROM student st INNER  JOIN (SELECT c.c_name,a.* FROM course c INNER JOIN (

SELECT s_id,c_id,s_score FROM score WHERE s_score>70 ) a on c.c_id= a.c_id

) b

on st.s_id=b.s_id

1. 查询不及格的课程

SELECT c.* FROM course c INNER JOIN (

SELECT c_id FROM score WHERE s_score <60 GROUP BY c_id ) a

on c.c_id=a.c_id

1. 查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名

SELECT s_id,s_name FROM student WHERE s_id in (

SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = '01' and s_score>80 GROUP BY s_id)

1. 求每门课程的学生人数

SELECT c_id,count(s_id) count FROM score GROUP BY c_id

1. 成绩不重复，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

SELECT st.*,a.c_id,a.max FROM student st INNER JOIN (

SELECT s_id,c_id, max(s_score) max FROM score WHERE c_id in (

SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id in (SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三'))

) a WHERE st.s_id=a.s_id

 34. 成绩有重复的情况下，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

SELECT st.*,a.c_id,a.max FROM student st INNER JOIN (

SELECT s_id,c_id, max(s_score) max FROM score WHERE c_id in (

SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id in (SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三'))

) a WHERE st.s_id=a.s_id

 35. 查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

SELECT a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score FROM (SELECT * FROM score GROUP BY s_id,s_score

) a GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING count(s_id) = 1

 36. 查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

SELECT a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score FROM score a LEFT JOIN score b on

a.c_id = b.c_id and a.s_score

GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id

HAVING count(b.c_id)<=2

ORDER BY a.c_id

 37. 统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过 5 人的课程才统计）。

SELECT c_id,count(1) count from score GROUP BY c_id HAVING count(1)>5

 38. 检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

SELECT s_id FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(1)>=2

 39. 查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

SELECT * from student where s_id in

(SELECT s_id from score GROUP BY s_id

HAVING GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) = (SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) FROM course))

 40. 查询各学生的年龄，只按年份来算

SELECT *,year(now())-year(s_birth) age from student

 41. 按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一

SELECT *,year(now())-year(s_birth) age,timestampdiff(year,s_birth,now()) from student

 42. 查询本周过生日的学生

SELECT * from student

WHERE WEEK(CONCAT_WS('-',year(NOW()),DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m-%d')))

=WEEK(NOW())

 43. 查询下周过生日的学生

SELECT * from student

WHERE WEEK(CONCAT_WS('-',year(NOW()),DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m-%d')))

=WEEK(NOW())+1

 44. 查询本月过生日的学生

SELECT * from student

WHERE MONTH(s_birth) = MONTH(now())

 45. 查询下月过生日的学生

SELECT * from student

where MONTH(s_birth) = month(now())+1