ubuntu11.10安装tomcat7以及基本的目录结构和使用方法

       1.安装JDK，

       2.安装，

apt-get install  tomcat7

    3.tomcat7的几个目录

/usr/share/tomcat7
/var/lib/tomcat7/
/etc/tomcat7

root@coder-671T-M:/usr/share/tomcat7# tree
.
├── bin
│   ├── bootstrap.jar
│   ├── catalina.sh
│   ├── catalina-tasks.xml
│   ├── configtest.sh
│   ├── digest.sh
│   ├── setclasspath.sh
│   ├── shutdown.sh
│   ├── startup.sh
│   ├── tomcat-juli.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-juli.jar
│   ├── tool-wrapper.sh
│   └── version.sh
├── conf -> /etc/tomcat7
├── defaults.md5sum
├── defaults.template
├── lib
│   ├── annotations-api.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-annotations-api-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── catalina-ant.jar -> ../../java/catalina-ant-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── catalina-ha.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-catalina-ha-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── catalina.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-catalina-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── catalina-tribes.jar -> ../../java/catalina-tribes-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── commons-dbcp.jar -> ../../java/commons-dbcp.jar
│   ├── commons-pool.jar -> ../../java/commons-pool.jar
│   ├── el-api.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-el-api-2.2.jar
│   ├── jasper-el.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-jasper-el-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── jasper.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-jasper-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── jsp-api.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-jsp-api-2.2.jar
│   ├── servlet-api.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-servlet-api-3.0.jar
│   ├── tomcat-api.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-api-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── tomcat-coyote.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-coyote-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── tomcat-i18n-es.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-i18n-es-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── tomcat-i18n-fr.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-i18n-fr-7.0.21.jar
│   ├── tomcat-i18n-ja.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-i18n-ja-7.0.21.jar
│   └── tomcat-util.jar -> ../../java/tomcat-util-7.0.21.jar
├── logs -> /var/lib/tomcat7
└── webapps

5 directories, 31 files


root@coder-671T-M:/var/lib/tomcat7# tree
.
├── catalina.2011-11-28.log
├── catalina.out
├── common
│   └── classes
├── conf -> /etc/tomcat7
├── localhost.2011-11-28.log
├── localhost_access_log.2011-11-28.txt
├── logs -> ../../log/tomcat7
├── server
│   └── classes
├── shared
│   └── classes
├── webapps
│   ├── index.html
│   └── ROOT
│       ├── index.html
│       └── META-INF
│           └── context.xml
└── work -> ../../cache/tomcat7

12 directories, 7 files

 

root@coder-671T-M:/etc/tomcat7# tree
.
├── Catalina
│   └── localhost
├── catalina.properties
├── context.xml
├── logging.properties
├── policy.d
│   ├── 01system.policy
│   ├── 02debian.policy
│   ├── 03catalina.policy
│   ├── 04webapps.policy
│   └── 50local.policy
├── server.xml
├── tomcat-users.xml
└── web.xml

3 directories, 11 files

    4. tomcat7的几个命令

root@coder-671T-M:/var/lib/tomcat7# /etc/init.d/tomcat7 start
 * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ] 
root@coder-671T-M:/var/lib/tomcat7# /etc/init.d/tomcat7 restart
 * Stopping Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ] 
 * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ] 
root@coder-671T-M:/var/lib/tomcat7# /etc/init.d/tomcat7 stop
 * Stopping Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ] 
root@coder-671T-M:/var/lib/tomcat7# /etc/init.d/tomcat7 start
 * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ] 
root@coder-671T-M:/var/lib/tomcat7# 

/usr/share/tomcat7# /usr/share/tomcat7/bin/shutdown.sh 
/usr/share/tomcat7# /usr/share/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh 

  5.tomcat的网站目录，默认是

root@coder-671T-M:/usr/share/tomcat7-root# ll
总用量 20
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 2011-11-28 15:35 ./
drwxr-xr-x 409 root root 12288 2011-11-28 15:35 ../
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 2011-11-28 15:35 default_root/
root@coder-671T-M:/usr/share/tomcat7-root# tree
.
└── default_root
    ├── index.html
    └── META-INF
        └── context.xml

2 directories, 2 files
root@coder-671T-M:/usr/share/tomcat7-root# 

而不是webapps

    6.修改tomcat的访问端口为80

   

（1）更改/etc/tomcat7/server.xml中的

<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"  connectionTimeout="20000"  URIEncoding="UTF-8"            redirectPort="8443" />

（2）从ubuntu10.04起，默认是关闭1024一下的端口.需要手工打开，可以到编辑/etc/default/tomcat7中的最后一行AUTHBIND=yes来实现

默认是#AUTHBIND=no

具体操作步骤如下：

-、sudo vi /etc/tomcat7/server.xml，修改为port="80"

-、sudo vi /etc/default/tomcat7 ，修改为AUTHBIND=yes

-、sudo /etc/init.d/tomcat7 restart，进行重新启动

-、netstat -ant，查看80端口是否起来