AES-WRAP algorithm

1、概述
      AES-WRAP: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Key Wrap Algorithm。本文的总结均来自《RFC-3394》。
      Any data being wrapped will be referred to as the key data; The key used to do the wrapping will be referred to as the key-encryption key (KEK)。
      The term "key data" is used broadly to mean any data being wrapped, but particularly keys, since this is primarily a key wrap algorithm。
      A KEK can be a 128-bit key, a 192-bit key, or a 256-bit key。
      下面的 key wrap 和 key unwrap 都是 index based 模式的。

2、key wrap
      Inputs:       Plaintext, n 64-bit values {P1, P2, ..., Pn}, and Key, K (the KEK).
      Outputs:    Ciphertext, (n+1) 64-bit values {C0, C1, ..., Cn}.
      Steps:
            1) Initialize variables
                  Set A = IV, an initial value (see 2.2.3)
                  For i = 1 to n      {  R[i] = P[i];  }
            2) Calculate intermediate values.
                  For j = 0 to 5
                        For i=1 to n
                              B =    AES(K, A | R[i])
                              A =    MSB(64, B) ^ t where t = (n*j)+i
                              R[i] = LSB(64, B)
            3) Output the results.
                  Set C[0] = A
                  For i = 1 to n
                        C[i] = R[i]

3、key unwrap
      Inputs:       Ciphertext, (n+1) 64-bit values {C0, C1, ..., Cn}, and Key, K (the KEK).
      Outputs:     Plaintext, n 64-bit values {P0, P1, K, Pn}.
      Steps:

            1) Initialize variables.
                  Set A = C[0]
                  For i = 1 to n
                        R[i] = C[i]
            2) Compute intermediate values.
                  For j = 5 to 0
                        For i = n to 1
                              B =    AES-1(K, (A ^ t) | R[i]) where t = n*j+i
                              A =    MSB(64, B)
                              R[i] = LSB(64, B)
            3) Output results.
                  If A is an appropriate initial value (see 2.2.3)
                  Then
                        For i = 1 to n
                              P[i] = R[i]
                  Else
                        Return an error

4、IV
      分两种：Default 和 Alternative。Default 时， IV = A6A6A6A6A6A6A6A6；Alternative 时，rfc 中tmd看不懂。

5、说明
      AES(K, W)     Encrypt W using the AES codebook with key K
      AES-1(K, W) Decrypt W using the AES codebook with key K
      MSB(j, W)     Return the most significant j bits of W
      LSB(j, W)      Return the least significant j bits of W